例4:In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.
参考译文：在一切有关大使、公使、领事以及州为当事一方的案件中，最高法院有最初审理权。在上述所有其他案件中，最高法院有关于法律和事实的受理上诉权，但由国会规定为例外及另有处理条例者，不在此限。
译文分析：
(1)例句法条中规定“In all cases affecting ambassadors,other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction.”该句中存在一个“in which”引导的定语从句来修饰限定先行词“those”。句中的“those”指意明确，表达不易产生歧义，因而选用“which”做关系代词。再者，在“that”、“this”、“those”、“these”等指示代词做先行词的定语从句中，多用“which”引导定语从句，一般不选用“such...（as）”作为引导词。
(2)原文中“with such exceptions,and under such regulations as the Congress shall make”含有“such...（as)”引导的限定性定语从句，被限定词“exceptions”和“regulations”位于such 和as之间，确保了表述的准确严密。译者应注意被限定词的不同介词搭配。这部分应译为“但由国会规定为例外及另有处理条例者，不在此限。”
例 5: To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful
buildings.
参考译文：对于由某州让与而由国会承受，用以充当合众国政府所在地的地区（不逾十里见方），握有对其一切事务的全部立法权；对于经州议会同意，向州政府购得，用以建筑要塞、弹药库、兵工厂、船坞和其他必要建筑物的地方，也握有同样的权力。
译文分析：
(1)原文“To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever,over such District (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress,become the seat of the government of the United States”的结构比较复杂，在“such...(as)”引导的定语从句中有两个插人语：“by cession of particular states”和“the acceptance of Congress”。掌握句子的结构，是做好翻译工作的重要步骤。在翻译过程中，应在理解全文的基础上按逻辑顺序合理排列插人语和定语从句的汉语顺序。原文中的两个插人语所表示的含义是“exercise exclusive legislation”实现的条件。
(2) 原文“and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals,dockyards,and other needful buildings”部分含有一个“in which”引导的定语从句，修饰限定“the state”。该定语从句中的先行词指意明确，表达不易产生歧义。
定语从句的翻译应强调对原文的深层理解，从而增强译文的选词的准确性。
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