在汉语题名中,常出现“探讨”、“研究”、“观察”、“体会”、“问题”等词语。译成英文时,要注意对这些套语的处理。若这些词语之前有具体内容,就要全部译出;在没有具体内容的情况下,这些词语可略去不译。这并不影响题名的实质性内容。国外题名一般无“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”等表示谦虚的词语,而是直接表明作者本意。例如:
(1)探讨:discussion of / on, an approach to, a probe into, investigation of, evaluation of / on,如:
心源性猝死51例临床病理探讨
Sudden cardiac death: Clinicopathologic investigation of 51 cases
苯对白细胞毒性作用探讨
Toxic effect of benzene on leucocytes(“探讨”一-词省略不译)
(2)观察(报告结果):an observation / observations of / on /in,如:
过敏性鼻炎342例脱敏疗效观察报告
Clinical observation on 342 cases with allergic rhinitis
窒息后多器官功能受损新生儿细胞内外钙水平观察
Levels of plasma calcium and red cell calcium in newborns with multi-organ damage after asphyxia(“观察”一词略去不译)
(3) 调査:survey of / on,如:
慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例调查
Parathyroidectomy in chronic renal failure: Survey of 38 cases
(4) 体会(经验);experience in / with,如:
治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌血症的新体会
Recent experience with bacillemia due to Gram-negative organisms
(5) 总结:experience, experience of,如:
小儿心肌炎8年临末经验总结
Myocarditis among children: An eight-year clinical experience
35例恶性高血压治疗总结
Treatment for malignant hypertension: An experience of 35 cases
(6) 问题:problem of, aspect on,如:
甲状腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题
Certain problems of the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism
二尖瓣置换术中的几个问题
Some aspects on mitral valve replacement