So this set starts out blue
这一组最开始是蓝色的
This one starts out pink
这一组最开始是粉色的
And the final one is purple
最后一组则是紫色的
And every cylinder contains a few drops of sodium hydroxide
每一组柱形容器中都包含少许氢氧化钠
which is a base
这是一种碱
NaOH, sodium hydroxide NaOH
氢氧化钠
and it's a base
它是一种碱
So let's start with the basics
我们从基础开始考虑
What is an acid and a base?
酸和碱是什么
One definition is that
一种定义是
acids are compounds that donate a hydrogen ion
酸是一种化合物，它能贡献一个氢离子
or H plus
或者说H+
to another compound
给另一种化合物
and the compound that accepts that hydrogen ion is a base
而接受这个氢离子的化合物就是碱了
So acids are hydrogen ion donors
酸是贡献氢离子的物质
and bases are hydrogen ion acceptors
而碱则是接受氢离子的物质
Here are some examples
我举一些例子
Sodium hydroxide is a base
氢氧化钠是碱
It's used to make soap
能用于制造肥皂
And acetic acid which looks like this
而醋酸是酸，它是这样的
it makes vinegar sour
它让醋具有酸味
Alright, let's look back at our cylinders here
好，我们再来回头看这些柱形容器
This first set of cylinders contains the indicator bromothymol blue
第一组柱形容器中装的指示剂是溴百里酚蓝
Let's take a look at the spectrum
我们来看看光谱
Alright, so let's take a look at bromothymol blue
好，我们来看看溴百里酚蓝
the indicator in the first set of cylinders
这是第一组柱形容器中的指示剂
As you can see here, there's a scale of numbers. This is the pH scale
这里可以看到一些数字刻度，这些是pH值刻度
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