大惑论/Da Huo Lun
(On the Big Perplexity)
黄帝问于岐伯日;余尝上于清冷之台，中阶而顾，葡匐而前则惑。余私异之，窃内怪之，独瞑独视，安心定气，久而不解。独博[博:《太素》卷二十七《七邪》作“转”]独眩，披发长跪，俯而视之，后久之不已也。卒然自上[上:《太素》卷二十七《七邪》并作“止”]，何气使然?岐伯对日:五藏六府之精气，皆上注于目而为之精[精:《千金》卷六上作“睛”]。精之窠为眼，骨之精为瞳子，筋之精为黑眼，血之精为络，其窠气之精为白眼，肌肉之精为约束，裹撷筋骨血气之精而与脉并为系，上属于脑，后出于项中。故邪中于项，因逢其身之虚，其入深，则随眼系以入于脑，入于脑则脑转，脑转则引目系急，目系急则目眩以转矣。邪[邪:《太素》卷二十七《七邪》“邪”下有“中”字]其精[其精:《太素》卷二十七《七邪》不重此二字]，其精所中不相比也则[则:《甲乙》卷十二第四“则”上叠“不相比”三字]精散，精散则视歧[视歧:《千金》卷六上并作“故”字]，视歧见两物。目者，五藏六府之精也，营卫魂魄之所常营也，神气之所生也。故神劳则魂魄散，志意乱。是故瞳子黑眼法于阴，白眼赤脉法于阳也，故阴阳合传而精明也。目者，心使也，心者，神之舍也，故神精乱而不转，卒然见非常处，精神魂魄，散不相得，故曰惑[惑:周本，日刻本，张注本并作“感”]也。黄帝日:余疑其然。余每之东苑，未曾不惑，去之则复，余唯独为东苑劳神议乎?何其异也?岐伯日:不然也。心有所喜，神有所恶，卒然相惑，则精气乱，视误故惑，神移乃复。是故间者为迷，甚者为惑。
Yellow Emperor asked Qibo and said:"I mounted to the Cool Platform before and looked around in the flight of steps, I scrambled forward, and I felt dim in sight, I was amazed secretly, so, I closed my eyes and then opened them to stablize my mind, but the phenomenon could not be eliminated for a long time, and I felt my head was rotative and dazzling. so, I loosened my hair, bowed down my head and overlooked downward for quite a long time, and the dizziness still could not be eliminated, but suddenly, the phenomenon disappeared. What energy makes it so?" Qibo answered: "The refined energies of the five solid organs and the six hollow organs of human body are pouring upward to the eyes to enable one to see. The nest of the refined energy is the eye, the essence of the bone is the pupil, the essence of the tendon is the black of the eye, the essence of blood is in the superficial venules of the two canthus and the two eye sockets, the essence of the breathing air of the body is the white of the eyes, the essence of the muscle is in the eyelid; when the refined energies of the tendon, bone, blood and energy combine with the channel and collateral of the eye, it forms the ocular connectors. The ocular connectors connect the brain above and reach the middle of the neck behind, thus, when the evil energy hits the neck, and the debility of the body is encountered, the evil-energy will penetrate inside, when the evil-energy reaches the brain one will feel the dizziness of the brain and the ocular connectors will be tense due to it. When the ocular connectors are tense, one'e eyes will be dazziling, and the things seen will be like turning. If the evil-energy invades the refined energy of the eye, and the refined energy invaded can not keep harmonious, it will cause the refined energy to disperse, when the refined ènergy of the eye is dispersed, diplopia will occur, and the thing seen is like two of them. The eye is the place where the refined enregies of the five solid organs and the six hollow organs converge, and it is the place where the Ying-energy, the Wei-energy, the soul and the inferior spirit come and go, thus, the spirit and energy of the eye plays the main role of seeing things. When the spirit and the energy are overfatigue, the soul and the inferior spirit will be rising in the air and one's will will be confused. So, the pupil and the black of the eye belong to the internal organs of Yin, and the red channels of the white of the eye belong to the internal oragns of Yang, when the Yin energies of the bone, tendon, liver and kidney converge with the Yang energies of the blood, energy, heart and lung, the ability of seeing of the eye can be maintained. The eye serves the heart, and the heart is the place where the spirit situates, so, when one's spirit is dispersed and his essence is disorderly without converging, if an extraordinary place is seen, the spirit, the soul and the inferior spirit will become disorderly and disharmonious, as a result, the phenomenon of perplexity of the patient will occur." Yellow Emperor said: "I am sceptical about what you said. Whenever I come to the Cool Platform in the East Yard, I always get confused, but when I left the Cool Platform, I become normal again. Am I consuming my spirit in the East Yard only? Why is it so strange?" Qibo said: "It is not strange at all. When one likes something in the mind, but detests it in the spirit, when the moods of like and dislike mingle all of a sudden, it will cause the spirit to become disorderly , one will be secing things in double and being perplexed. After the spirit and the consciousness are shifted, one will resume to normal state again. In the conditions stated above, when the case is slight, it is called the perplexity, when the case is severe, it is called the puzzle."
黄帝日:人之善忘者，何气使然?岐伯日:上气不足，下气有余，肠胃实而心肺虚，虚则营卫留于下，久之不以时上，故善忘也。
Yellow Emperor asked: "When one is forgetful, what energy causes it?" Qibo said: "It is due to the energies of the internal organs in the upper part is insufficient, and the energies of the internal organs in the lower are having a surplus; that is, the energies of the stomach and intestine are substantial and the energies of the heart and lung are debilitative. When the energies of the heart and lung are deficient, the Ying-energy and the Wei-energy will retain in the intestine and the stomach and fail to spread to the whole body for a long time, when both the energy and the blood are deficient, the disease of forgetfulness will occur."
黄帝日:人之善饥而不嗜食者，何气使然?岐伯曰:精气并于脾，热气留于胃，胃热则消谷，谷消故善饥。胃气逆上，则胃脘寒，故不嗜食也。
Yellow Emperor asked: "Someone gets hungry often but he is reluctant to eat, what energy causes it?" Qibo said: "The refined energy which is of Yin assembles in the spleen, and the heat which is of Yang retains in the stomach, When the heat in the stomach is vigorous, the digestion will be promoted and one will get hungry often. when the stomach energy is up-reversing, it causes the asthenia-cold of the gastric cavity and one will be reluctant to eat."
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