This group extends from the scapula to the humerus and includes the muscles inserting directly on the humerus, namely the SITS muscles of the rotator cuff:

■ Supraspinatus—runs above the glenohumeral joint; inserts on the greater tubercle

■ Infraspinatus and teres minor—cross the glenohumeral joint posteriorly; insert on the greater tubercle

■ Subscapularis (not illustrated)—originates on the anterior surface of the scapula and crosses the joint anteriorly; inserts on the lesser tubercle

The scapulohumeral group rotates the shoulder laterally (the rotator cuff) and depresses and rotates the head of the humerus (Fig. 1). 

FIGURE 1. Scapulohumeral and axioscapular groups.

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