The bony structures of the shoulder include the humerus, the clavicle, and the scapula (Fig. 1). The scapula is anchored to the axial skeleton only by the sternoclavicular joint and inserting muscles, often called the scapulothoracic articulation because it is not a true joint.

FIGURE 1. Bony anatomy of the shoulder.

Identify the manubrium, the sternoclavicular joint, and the clavicle. Also identify the tip of the acromion, the greater tubercle of the humerus, and the coracoid process, which are important landmarks of shoulder anatomy.

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