4. 雅夏到财主査鲁斯基家行窃，一进屋。

[原文] Strange, that the very safe that Yadwiga had described should be right next to him. It stood on end, long and black as coffin. The powers that control man's destiny had led him directly to Zaruski's board.

[译文]真奇怪，雅德维加说的那个保险箱居然就在他身旁。它竖摆着，又长又黑，像一口棺材。控制人的命运的那股力量引导着雅夏径直向查鲁斯基藏着钱财的地方走去。

[讨论] 根据译文，“保险箱”已经在他的身旁，还要“向藏着钱财的地方走去”。那么，“藏着钱财的地方”和“保险箱”是一回事，还是两回事?

看看原文，二者本是一码事。但译者把动词had led him to的意思弄错了。

had led him to过去完成时，已经完成的动作。意“已经把他领到”，译成了现在时“引导着他向……走去。”

[后一句改] 控制人们命运的力量竟径直把他领到査鲁斯基藏着钱财的地方。

5. —个贵族举行盛大舞会，准备工作正紧张进行着。

[原文] the kitchen was in a great bustle with preparations...there were dishes to prepared，silver and gold vessels to be cleaned and scoured，floors to be polished.

[译文] 厨房里也乱哄哄的……菜肴准备好了，金银器皿洗净擦亮了，地板磨光了……

[讨论]译文稍稍欠合理。既然什么都已准备好了，便应该一切秩序井然，有条不紊才对，怎么还会“乱哄哄的”呢？

原来将几个不定式的时态弄错了。

To be prepared, to be cleaned and scoured, to be polished 都是不定式的一般式被动语态，表示该做尚未做的事。意：“应被准备，应被洗净擦亮，应被磨光”。

译者则按完成式理解了。但其完成式的被动语态分别应为：to have been prepared, to have been cleaned and scoured, to have been polished (被准备好了，被洗净擦亮了，被磨光了)。

结果应予完成的事变成了已经完成的事。

正因为这许多事尚未完成（正进行中，或正在安排中），所以显得“乱哄哄”的。

[改译] 厨房的准备工作极为忙乱紧张……要准备菜肴、要洗擦金银器皿、要擦洗地板……

责任编辑：admin