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英语中还经常出现一些间接或迂回的说法,这也可视为ー种修辞手段;但是,这类表达方式在汉语中不多见。对此,在翻译时应根据具体指称対象或含义灵活处理,其中就包括替代法。如:
例1 Unlike their cousins, the petrochemical makers,who can ship by barge or
pipeline, plastic makers are unusually dependent on railroads.
有机化工企业不像兄弟行业中的石化企业,可以通过驳船或管道来输送货物,它们通常依靠铁路运输。(“兄弟”与cousin相差无几)
例2 Mexicans, when they are not actually starving or actually being murdered,sing
and dance and enjoy sunshine and food and drink with a gusto which is very rare north of the Mexican frontier.
墨西哥人只要不是快饿死或被人杀死,就会又唱又跳、又吃又喝、又晒太阳, 那种活得有滋有味的样子,在北美国家着实少见。
(north of the Mexican frontier译作“在墨西哥以北”,含义有失明确;译作“美国和加拿大”,又过于具体,失去原有的效果。)
例3 If he is the perfect lawyer people believe him to be, the blind woman canying
scales will believe him too in the court.
如果他正像人们所认为的坏样,是位完美无缺的律师,那么,正义女神在法庭上也会这么认为的。