在上面段落中，代词it共用到两次，用来代指“daydreaming”。代词的使用使得整个段落前后更加呼应,连贯性更强。 又如：

(1)Tom finished his drink at a gulp, wondered about another, decided not. (2) His career might be slithering downhill, his book might be choking itself to death, but he still had Thea. (3) And this, he knew as he looked at his glass, was no way to keep her. (4) He knew it, and yet he kept slipping away from his resolution. (5) How else did you blot out the feeling of failure?

(6)But the subconscious was a real devil，eating away at him. (7 ) No matter how determinedly he dropped the hours and disappointments out of his conscious mind，they only sank below the surface，and lay there.

上文中，（1)是主题句，为全段提供心理背景；（2)以两个平行结构承接上文,并以过渡词but表示意义转折；（3)用过渡词and表示意义引申，并用指示词this承接上文（所指）；（4)中的and yet表示意义转折；（5)用else承接上句（所指）；（6)是第二段的主题句，以but为承上启下的过渡词；（7)通过近义词重复（conscious/subconscious)承接上文。在这短短的百十个词的两段话里，单单第三人称代词就出现了16次之多:其中he(指Tom)出现6次，his6次，him 1次，her(指Thea)1次，it(指上句）1次，they (指上文the hurts and disappointments) 1次。可见代词在组成连贯、统一、合乎逻辑的段落方面起着多么大的作用。

需要注意的是，在使用代词达到段落连贯时，代词和它所代的名词（所指）一定要在性、数、人称上保持一致。看下面的例子：

It rained day and night for two weeks. The basement flooded and everything was under water. It spoiled all our calculations.

在这三句话中，第三句中的“it”一词到底指代什么并不清楚，因而会造成歧义。修改后的下面这句 话所表达的意思就很清楚了 ：

The event of raining and flooding led to the physical destruction of certain documents in which our calculations were recorded.

5.使用平行结构

平行结构的使用是一种修辞手法，通过重复使用相同的语法结构,其中既有词汇的重复，又有纯粹的语法结构的重复。它不但能使段落节奏匀称，还可以引起读者的注意,使读者顺利地理解全段内容， 起到强调的作用。

请看下面段落：

Parents spend much money and time on their children. They do their best to make the children enjoy a higher standard of living than they themselves do. They want their children to leam many skills, such as painting, English, playing the violin or the piano, and so on. Children are forced to do what they are not really interested in. They have no adequate time to play. They can，t get along well with other children. They don’t know how to express themselves. As a result, some children are not psychologically healthy, and fail to fulfill their parents’ desires.

本段可以分为两个层次:第一个层次说明“Parents spend much money and time on their children. ”用 两个相同句式 “They do their best to make their children...” 和 “They want their children to...” 来对此作进 一步说明和论证。第二个层次说明 “Children are forced to do what they are not really interested in. ” 作者 用了三个相同的句式“They have no..., They can’t...，They don’t...”对此作进一步的说明和论证。

又如：

It is bad manners to interrupt anyone who is reciting or speaking. It is bad manners to wave the hand in the air to attract the teacher’s attention. It is bad manners to show an excessive eagerness to recite and show off your knowledge or cleverness. It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question. If you do not know the answer, say so immediately； if you do, give it in a distinct voice so that all the class may hear.

本段的主题句在段落末尾处，前面用了三个相同的句式“It is bad manners to...”的平行句子结构， 这种平行句子结构的运用能引起读者充分注意，同时也使段落更加富有感染力。