为企业营造公平竞争的政策环境。近年来，中国政府一直致力于推进产业政策的转型。2016年6月，中国国务院发布了《关于在市场体系建设中建立公平竞争审查制度的意见》，要求规范政府行为，防止出台新的排除、限制竞争的支持措施，并逐步清理废除已有的妨碍公平竞争的规定和做法。2017年1月，《国务院关于扩大对外开放积极利用外资若干措施的通知》进一步要求，各部门制定外资政策要进行公平竞争审查。2018年6月，《国务院关于

积极有效利用外资推动经济高质量发展若干措施的通知》（以下简称《通知》）提出，全面落实准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，负面清单之外的领域，各地区各部门不得专门针对外商投资准入进行限制。《通知》要求，保护外商投资合法权益，完善外商投资企业投诉工作部际联席会议制度，建立健全各地外商投资企业投诉工作机制，及时解决外商投资企业反映的不公平待遇问题，各地不得限制外商投资企业依法跨区域经营、搬迁、注销等行为。

China has created a level playing field for the businesses. In recent years, the Chinese government has committed to transforming industrial policies. In June 2016 the State Council released Opinions on Establishing a Fair Competition Examination System in the Building of the Market System, setting out to guarantee rules-based government actions, prohibit new supportive measures that would exclude or impede competition, and filter out and abolish any existing rules and practices that hamper fair competition. In January 2017, the State Council released a Circular on Several Measures on Promoting Further Openness and Active Utilization of Foreign Investment, requiring authorities concerned to carry out a fair competition review in defining foreign investment policies. In June 2018, the State Council released a Circular on Certain Measures for Actively and Effectively Utilizing Foreign Investment to Promote Quality Economic Development, aiming to grant full pre-establishment national treatment on the basis of a negative list, and remove access restrictions on foreign investment in areas outside the list. As required by the Circular, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors, China has improved the inter-departmental joint meeting mechanism for FIEs to lodge complaints, set up and enhanced the complaint mechanism for FIEs across the country, in order to promptly resolve any unfair treatment of FIEs, and avoid restrictions on the law-based cross-regional operation, movement and deregistration of FIEs.

　　中国农业市场化程度持续提高。2015年，中国国家发展改革委宣布放开烟叶收购价格，标志着中国在农产品价格领域已完全取消了政府定价。2004年以来，在市场定价、自由流通的基础上，中国政府为维护农民基本生计，当市场严重供大于求、价格过度下跌时，对部分农产品实行托市收购制度。近年来，中国政府加大了对托市收购政策的改革力度，定价机制更加市场化（专栏4）。

　　图表：专栏4 中国的农业支持政策改革 新华社发

China’s agricultural industry has become increasingly market-based. In 2015, the NDRC announced the abolition of controlled pricing on tobacco leaves, marking the definitive end to government pricing for agricultural produce. Since 2004, on the basis of market-set price and free circulation, the Chinese government had stepped in to ensure the basic livelihood of farmers by adopting a government purchase system, a backstop in the case of severe oversupply and collapsing prices. In recent years, the Chinese government has stepped up efforts to reform the purchase system by introducing a more market-based price-setting mechanism. (Box 4)