[原文]
16.2 昔者夫子闵王道之缺，伤斯文之坠，静居以叹凤，临衢而泣麟;于是就太师以正《雅》《颂》，因鲁史以修《春秋》。举得失以表黜陟，徵存亡以标劝诫;褒见一字，贵逾轩冕;贬在片言，诛深斧钺。然睿旨[存亡]幽隐，经文婉约;丘明同时，实得微言，乃原始要终，创为传体。传者，转也，转受经旨，以授于后，实圣文之羽翮，记籍之冠冕也。
[今译]
从前孔子担心王道的残缺，悲伤文化的败坏，在平时想到凤凰不来而感叹，在路上看到麒麟出现而哭泣;因此跟乐官订正《雅》《颂》的乐曲，借用鲁国历史来修订《春秋》。在《春秋》里，举出事实的得失来加以指斥或赞美，引证国家的存亡作为取法或警戒;一个字的赞美，比做高官还荣耀;半句话的斥责，比受斩杀还耻辱。可是《春秋》的意义深沉，文字简练;左丘明和孔子同时，确实知道孔子的用意，于是推求事实的始末经过，创作《左传》。传是转的意思，从孔子那里接受作《春秋》的用意，转授给后人，实在是经书的辅助读物，记事书中的冠军。
16.2 The Master was concerned with the decay of the kingly way and the corruption of civilization. At home, he lamented over the phoenix; on the road, he shed tears for the kylin. Therefore he sought the help of the chief musician to put the Odes and the Hymns in order and revised the Spring and Autumn Annals by modeling on the history of the state of Lu. The Annals lists accomplishments and failures to commend or censure and cites examples of national prosperity or subjugation as admonition and warning. To earn one word of praise in the Annals was a greater honor than to win a high position; to receive a passing censure was a punishment worse than death. Nevertheless, the wisdom of the Annals is subtle and the language terse. Confucius's contemporaгy Zuo Qiuming, who grasped the essence of its meaning after a thorough study, wrote a commentary, thus creating the genre of zhuan. The character for zhuan or commentary is related to "transmit": In transmitting the wisdom of the classic to posterity, it complements the classic and crowns all written records.
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