[原文]
2.2夫鉴周日月，妙极机神;文成规矩，思合符契。或简言以达旨，或博文以该情，或明理以立体，或隐义以藏用。故《春秋》一字以褒贬，丧服举轻以包重，此简言以达旨也。那诗联章以积句，儒行缛说以繁辞，此博文以该情也。书契断决以象夬，文章昭晰以象离，此明理以立体也。四象精义以曲隐，五例微辞以婉晦，此隐义以藏用也。故知繁略殊形，隐显异术，抑引随时，变通[会适]适会，徵之周孔，则文有师矣。
[今译]
圣人的观察像日月遍照，好到极点能够看到事物的预兆;所以写成文章，成为模范，他的思想，能够跟客观事物相一致。有的用简练的语言来表达意旨，有的用丰富的文辞来概括感情，有的用明显的理论构成全篇的体式，有的用含蓄的意义来含孕深刻的作用。所以《春秋》用一个字来表示赞美或贬斥，《礼记》里用轻丧服概括了重丧服，这就是用简练的话来表达意旨。《诗经・邠风》里积句成章，联章成篇，《礼记・儒行》里反复申说，文辞繁富，这就是用详尽的文章来包括丰富的感情。文字写得决断，像《易经》用夬卦来表示决断，文章写得鲜明，像《易经》用离卦来表示洞若观火，这就是用明显的理论来构成文章的体式。《易经》里用卦来表示事物的四种现象，它的意义精微而曲折隐晦，《春秋》里记事有五个条例，它的文辞婉转而含蓄不露，这是用含蓄的意义来暗含文章的作用。因此知道繁和简有不同的面貌，隐和显有不同的表达法，加以压缩或引申要适应当时的需要，加以变通，要适应不同的情况，用周公孔子的文章来检验，那么在写作上就有所师法了。
2.2 Now the sage's vision encompasses the sun and moon and penetrates divine subtleties. His writings can serve as models; his thoughts agree with Divine Reason. He may express ideas succinctly or describe feelings claborately; lucidity or depth characterizes his writing. With just one word, the Spring and Autumn Annals can make effective praise or censure. By mentioning the rituals pertaining to light mourning, the Book of Rites hints at the proper rituals pertaining to deep mourning. These are examples of succinct expression. "The Seventh Month" in the Book of Poetry contains some long stanzas. The chapter "Conduct of the Virtuous Men" in the Book of Rites enumerates many kinds of behavior. These are examples of elaborate composition. Writings of critical acumen can be likened to the hexagram "resoluteness" in the Book of Changes, those of lucidity, to the hexagram "fire." This is stylistic lucidity. The meaning of the "four images" in the Book of Changes is subtle and indirect. The five principles of recording historical events used in Spring and Autumn Annals are vague and oblique. They are examples of hidden meaning. Thus it is known that writing may be concise or elaborate, clear or suggestive. Whether to shorten or lengthen it depends on necessity; when to make adjustments depends on the occasion. Under all circumstances, people should refer to Duke Zhou and Confucius, the two great masters of writing.
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