这些单词均有“酗酒者”的含义。其中，alcoholic和drunkard 为通用词； 相比之下，alcoholic指酒精中毒病人或酗酒成性者，其比drunkard更为正式和中性，多从医学角度指无法控制其酒量者，故为更常用的法律词汇[1]。drunkard则常带有谴责的含义，指经常过度饮酒而醉者[2]。drunk为drunkard的缩写，因而便更不正式，同时其谴责和鄙视的程度也就更多[3]。inebriate为 一技术性术语，指当时正处于醉酒状态者[4]，该术语现已显得有些过时守旧，多被alcoholic所取代。
[1] "A person who suffers from the illness of alcoholism. ” Cf. Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Amendment Act (Canada)，S. A. 1985，c. 6, s. 3.
[2] "Drunkard carries a tone of condemnation and can apply justly only to someone who frequently drinks past the point of sobriety. ” Cf. The Editors of the Reader's Digest, Use the Right Word, at p. 11 , The Reader's Digest Association Proprietary Ltd. (1971).
[3] "Drunk is, of couree, a shortening of drunkard, having greater informality than the
latter and a tone of even greater contempt. ” Id. at p. 11,
[4] "A person under the influence of or addicted to the use of intoxicating liquors. ” Cf. The Publisher's Editorial Staff, Black's Law Dictionary, abridged 6th edition, at p. 535, West Publishing Co. (1991).
上一篇：Alias summons 和 Pluries summons法律术语分析
下一篇：Aggrieved party, Injured party 和 Victim法律术语分析
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们，每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧，外语学习及翻译招聘信息。