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以上三个术语均与因资产折旧而减税有关。其中,depreciation reserve (资产的“折旧估价额”)最容易被误译为“折旧储备金”,事实上,此处的reserve并非指一笔基金,其只是帐面上一种“折旧费用累计” (valuation of a reserve),其目的是为折旧减税提供依据[1]。鉴于depreciation reserve经常被人误解,目前不少人开始用诸如allowance for depredation (资产的“折旧减税额”)或accumulated depreciation (资产的“累计折旧值”)一类的术语替代它[2]。注意的是allowance for depreciation中的allowance 等同 deduction 而非“津贴”,因此,depreciation allowance 应为“因折旧而减税”而非“折旧津贴”(不少词典有此种错误译法)。
[1]“A valuation-reserve account used to record depreciation charges. The use of the word reserve does not mean that a fund of cash has been set aside;rather, the word is employed to stand for a valuation reserve,in which credits are made to show the reduced valuation of a asset. ”Cf. Harold Bierman. Jr.,Allan R. Drebin, Managerial Accounting, 3rd edition, Diyden Press, Hinsdale, 111. (1978).
[2]“ Because of the common misinterpretation of the term reserve,terms such as allowance for depreciation and accumulated depreciation are coming into use. ”Cf. Douglas Greenwald & Associates, The Concise McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Modem Economics, at p. 96, McGraw-Hill Book Company (1984).