为了强化对信教群众的精神控制，宗教极端势力持续煽动信教群众抵制学习国家通用语言文字，排斥现代科学知识；歪曲炮制所谓“教法、家法”，将其作为行为准则，对抗国家宪法法律；鼓吹“来世天定”，蛊惑信教群众拒绝学习掌握就业技能、改善经济条件、提升自我发展能力。大量群众不具备掌握国家通用语言文字能力，不具备基本法律知识。

　　在宗教极端主义的渗透和控制下，许多人参与或者被教唆、胁迫、引诱参与恐怖活动、极端主义活动，但尚属情节轻微，或未造成实际危害后果；一些人虽因恐怖活动犯罪、极端主义犯罪被定罪处刑，但并未完全脱离宗教极端主义束缚。由于上述人员受宗教极端主义毒害深，丧失了对正常生活和法律界限的理性辨识能力，如果不对他们采取积极干预措施，就不能解除宗教极端主义对他们的桎梏，就无法使他们融入正常的社会生活，就不可能使他们实现个人的更好发展。

　　To strengthen their psychological control over religious believers, extremist forces have incited people to boycott the standard spoken and written Chinese language and reject modern science. They act in accordance with fabricated “religious law” and “domestic discipline”, and defy the Constitution and state laws. They spread word about a “next life where one’s fate is predestined”, and deceive religious believers into rejecting the kind of vocational skills training by which they can improve their economic conditions and their capacity for self-development. A large part of the population could not read and write in the standard spoken and written Chinese language, and they had no basic knowledge of the law.

　　Influenced and controlled by religious extremism, many people have engaged in – or have been instigated, coerced or enticed to engage in – terrorist and extremist activities, but they have not committed serious crimes or inflicted actual harm. It is hard for some people who have been convicted of terrorist or extremist crimes to abandon extremist views, as their minds have been poisoned to the extent of losing reason and the ability to think sensibly about their lives and the law. Without necessary intervention measures it will not be possible for them to cast off the shackles of religious extremism, get back to normal life, and improve their prospects for a better future.

　　面对严峻形势和复杂情况，新疆的反恐、去极端化坚持标本兼治方针，既依法严厉打击少数严重暴力恐怖犯罪，又最大限度地教育挽救感染宗教极端主义、有轻微违法犯罪的人员。依法设立教培中心，对学员进行系统的教育培训，是遏制暴力恐怖案（事）件多发频发、铲除宗教极端主义滋生蔓延土壤的迫切需要，也是有效提升学员文化知识水平、掌握劳动技能、促进就业和增加收入的迫切需要，更是实现新疆社会稳定和长治久安的迫切需要。

　　二、依法开展教育培训工作

　　Faced with this severe and complex problem, Xinjiang has upheld the principle of addressing both the symptoms and root causes in its fight against terrorism and extremism, by striking hard at serious terrorist crimes, which are limited in number, and by educating and rehabilitating people influenced by religious extremism and involved in minor violations of the law. In accordance with the law it has established a group of vocational centers to offer systematic education and training in response to a set of urgent needs: to curb frequent terrorist incidents, to eradicate the breeding ground for religious extremism, to help trainees acquire a better education and vocational skills, find employment, and increase their incomes, and most of all, to safeguard social stability and long-term peace in Xinjiang.

　　II. Law-Based Education and Training

　　新疆开展教培工作的做法既符合国家法治精神和要求，又体现了国际社会反恐、去极端化的原则和理念。

　　新疆根据《中华人民共和国国家安全法》《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》《中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法》和《宗教事务条例》等法律法规，依照法定程序，制定并修改完善了《新疆维吾尔自治区实施〈中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法〉办法》《新疆维吾尔自治区去极端化条例》两部地方性法规。

　　Education and training in Xinjiang is practiced in line with the spirit and requirements of the rule of law in China. It also reflects the ideas and principles of counter-terrorism and deradicalization as practiced by the international community.

　　In recent years, in line with the National Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China, Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, Counterterrorism Law of the People’s Republic of China, and Regulations on Religious Affairs, Xinjiang has enacted and revised, in accordance with legal procedures, two local regulations – the Measures of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Implementing the Counter-terrorism Law of the People’s Republic of China, and the Regulations of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Deradicalization.

　　中国法律区分了违法行为和犯罪行为，并规定了不同的执法司法主体和处理程序。其中，视具体违法或犯罪情节不同，有的由包括公安机关在内的行政机关依法予以行政处罚；有的由公安机关侦查终结，移送检察机关审查后，由检察机关依法作出不起诉决定；有的在检察机关提起公诉后，由审判机关依法审理定罪处刑。

　　具体在恐怖主义、极端主义违法犯罪案件中，依照法律规定，视具体情节及当事人表现，除由检察机关提起公诉，由审判机关定罪处刑的外，有的案件是由公安机关等行政机关依法作出处理，有的案件是由检察机关依法作出不起诉决定。这些不同的处理方式和程序，恰恰体现了国家宽严相济的刑事政策和教育挽救的方针。为了贯彻标本兼治的原则，中国法律和地方性法规对参与恐怖活动、极端主义活动的人员，还规定了帮教、安置教育等措施。

　　Chinese law distinguishes between unlawful and criminal acts, and prescribes different law enforcement and judicial bodies and different processes for handling the two kinds of acts. Depending on the specific circumstances, some offenders or criminals are subjected to punishment by administrative organs, including public security organs, in accordance with the law. Some, after their cases have been investigated by public security organs and transferred, are examined by procuratorial organs and there is a decision not to prosecute. Some are tried, convicted and sentenced by judicial organs in accordance with the law after procuratorial organs have initiated public prosecution.

　　Specifically, in cases of unlawful and criminal acts of terrorism and extremism, not all offenders or criminals should be prosecuted by procuratorial organs and convicted and sentenced by judicial organs. Depending on the circumstances of the offence and the willingness of the parties to acknowledge their guilt, some cases can be handled by public security and other administrative organs, and in others the procuratorial organs can decide not to pursue the case. These different approaches and procedures reflect the principle of balancing compassion and severity in the national criminal law, and the idea of reforming offenders through education and rehabilitation. In order to implement the principle of addressing both the symptoms and root causes, state laws and local regulations have stipulated measures intended to help people involved in terrorist and extremist activities to find employment and reintegrate into society through education.