中国尊重和保障人权。中国宪法全面规定了公民的基本权利和自由，制定了一系列保障人权的法律法规，建立了较为完备的保障人权的法律制度，依法保障公民的生存权和发展权，公民的人身权、财产权和宗教信仰自由、言论出版自由、集会结社自由、游行示威自由以及社会保障权、受教育权等经济、政治、社会、文化权利得到切实维护。中国宪法规定，公民有信仰宗教的自由，任何国家机关、社会团体和个人不得强制公民信仰宗教或者不信仰宗教，不得歧视信仰宗教的公民和不信仰宗教的公民。国务院还颁布了宗教事务条例。目前，中国共有各种宗教信徒一亿多人，公民的宗教信仰自由得到充分保障。中国宪法还规定，由于国家机关和国家工作人员侵犯公民权利而受到损失的人，有依照法律规定取得赔偿的权利。中国制定了国家赔偿法，建立国家赔偿制度，有效保障公民、法人和其他组织依法取得国家赔偿的权利。

    民法商法。民法是调整平等主体的公民之间、法人之间、公民和法人之间的财产关系和人身关系的法律规范，遵循民事主体地位平等、意思自治、公平、诚实信用等基本原则。商法调整商事主体之间的商事关系，遵循民法的基本原则，同时秉承保障商事交易自由、等价有偿、便捷安全等原则。截至2011年8月底，中国已制定民法商法方面的法律33部和一大批规范商事活动的行政法规、地方性法规。

China respects and upholds human rights. The Constitution has comprehensive stipulations on the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizens. The state has promulgated a series of laws and regulations and has developed a comparatively complete legal system to protect human rights, and ensures the citizens' right to subsistence and development, personal rights and property rights, freedom of religious belief, of speech, of the press, of the assembly, of association, of procession and of demonstration, the right to social security and education, as well as other economic, political, social and cultural rights. The Constitution stipulates that citizens of the People's Republic of China enjoy the freedom of religious belief. No state organ, public organization or individual may compel citizens to believe in, or not to believe in, any religion; nor may they discriminate against citizens who believe in, or do not believe in, any religion. The State Council has also promulgated the Regulations on Religious Affairs. Currently China has a total of more than 100 million believers in various religions, and the state fully protects its citizens' freedom of religious belief. The Constitution also provides that citizens who have suffered losses as a result of infringement of their civic rights by any state organ or functionary have the right to compensation in accordance with the provisions of the law. The state has enacted the Law on State Compensation and established the system of state compensation to effectively guarantee the right to state compensation of all citizens, legal persons and other organizations in accordance with the law.

Civil and commercial laws. Civil laws adjust property and personal relationships between civil subjects with equal status, that is, between citizens, between legal persons and between citizens and legal persons, and follow the principles of equal status between civil subjects, autonomy of will, fairness, honesty and credibility, and other basic principles. Commercial laws adjust commercial relationships between business subjects, and follow the basic principles of Civil Law and the principles of the freedom of commercial transaction, compensation of equal value and convenience and safety, among other principles. By the end of August 2011 China had promulgated 33 civil and commercial laws, as well as a large number of administrative and local regulations concerning commercial activities.