Naturally, there ate quite a lot of questions worthy of discussion in the course of translation from Chinese into English. But in this lecture the author will only have a talk about the question of how to render images and that of how to make sentence divisions found in the essay entitled Oppose Stereotyped Writing by Mao Zedong.
I . How to Render Images
Images and figures of speech are essential components of the literary language. But they can also be found in some thesis and speeches. The language in Mao Zedong's works is rich in images and figures of speech, which the American writer Anna Louis Strong commended long ago. So far as his essay Oppose Stereotyped Writing is concerned, it abounds with images and figures of speech. Ten of them are quoted and a comparison and analysis made so as to find out some universally applicable rules for reference.
1. 如果我们连党八股也打倒了，那就算对于主观主义和宗派主义最后地“将一军”，弄得这两个怪物原形毕露，“老鼠过街，人人喊打”，这两个怪物也就容易消灭了。
If we destroy that (referring to the stereotyped party writing) too, we shall "checkmate" subjectivism and sectarianism and make both these monsters show themselves in their true colours, and then we shall easily be able to annihilate them, like "rats running across the street with every one yelling, kill them! Kill them!"
2. 中国是一个小资产阶级成分极其广大的国家，我们党是处在这个广大阶级的包围中，我们又有很大数量的党员是出身于这个阶级的，他们都不免或长或短地拖着一条小资产阶级的尾巴进党来。
China is a country with a very large petty bourgeoisie and our Party is surrounded by this enormous class; a great number of our Party members come fron this class, and when they join the Party they inevitably drag in with them a petty-bourgeois tail, be it long or short.
3. 说理的首一个方法，就是重重给病患者一个刺激，向他们大喝一声，说：“你有病呀！”使患者为之一惊，出一身汗，然后好好地叫他们治疗。
The first thing to do in this reasoning process is to give the patient a good shake-up by shouting at him,"you arc ill!" so as to admimister a shock and make him break out in a sweat, and then to give him sincere advice on getting treatment.
4.我们有些同志喜欢写长文章，但是没有内容，真是“懒婆娘的裹脚，又长又臭”。
Some of our comrades 1ove to write long articles with no substance, very like the fout-bindings of a slattern long as well as smelly.
5.“对牛弹琴”这句话，含有讥笑对象的意思。
The saying "to play the fiute to a cuw" implies a gibe at the audience.
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