1. Skin, subcutaneous tissue, external oblique aponeurosis, internal oblique, transverse, and peritoneum, exposing the appendix. Be sure not injury to intestinal canal when the peritoneum is cut open.
切开皮肤，皮下组织、腹外斜肌腱膜、腹内斜肌、腹横肌及腹膜，显露阑尾。切开腹膜时避免损伤肠管。
2. Layers of transverse upper abdominal incision: They are skin, sub-cutaneous tissue, anterior rectus sheath of both sides, rectus muscle, posterior rectus sheath and peritoneum in turn.
上腹横切口，依次为皮肤，皮下组织、两侧腹直肌鞘前层、腹直肌、腹直肌鞘后层和腹膜。
3. Anteromedial approach to shoulder joint: skin incision. Cephalic vein is retracted medially with some fibers of deltoid. Deltoid muscle is retracted laterally, capsule is incised. Shoulder joint cavity and the humeral head are exposed.
肩关节前内侧入路:切开皮肤。将头静脉随同一些三角肌纤维牵向内侧。将三角肌拉向外侧,切开关节囊。显露关节腔和肱骨头。
4. Anterolateral approach to shaft of humerus: skin incision. Deltoid muscle is retracted laterally, biceps and cephalic vein are retracted medially. Brachialis muscle is incised longitudinally, exposing shaft of humerus.
肱骨干前外侧人路:切开皮肤。向外侧牵开三角肌，向内侧牵开头静脉和肱二头肌。将肱肌纵形剖开，显露肱骨干。
5. The quadrilateral space(posterior view): The deltoid has been severed and reflected laterally, showing the quadrilateral space. The quadrilateral space is formed by the surgical neck of the humerus laterally, the teres minor superiorly, and the teres major inferiorly. The long head of the triceps forms its medial boundary.
四边孔(后面观):三角肌切开、外翻，显示四边孔。四边孔境界外为肱骨外科颈，上为小圆肌，下为大圆肌，内为肱三头肌长头。
6. The radial nerve passes between the medial and lateral heads of the triceps. It runs in its own groove in close contact with the shaft of the humerus, and may be damage in a fracture of the humerus in this area.
桡神经行经肱三头肌内侧头与外侧头之间，并紧贴肱骨干，因此当肱骨干骨折时，容易合并桡神经损伤，使前臂伸肌瘫痪，出现垂腕症。
7. Superficial structures of the right cubital fossa: The skin and superficial fascia have been removed to display the superficial veins, cubital lymph node, medial cutaneous nerves of forearm. The superficial veins are clinically used for vein puncture, blood transfusion, and cardiac
catheterization.
右肘窝浅层解剖:皮肤及浅筋膜切除，显示浅静脉、前臂内侧皮神经及肘淋巴结。临床上,把浅静脉作为穿刺、输血及插人心导管之用。
8. Bound of the cubital fossa: The cubital fossa is the triangular space. It bounded laterally by the brachioradialis and medially by the pronator teres. It is outlined superiorly by a line joining the medial and lateral epicondyles. The medial cubital vein separated from the brachial artery by the bicipital aponeurosis.
肘窝境界：肘窝为三角形的窝，其外侧为肱桡肌，内侧为旋前圆肌，上为内上髁与外上髁的连线。肱二头肌腱膜将肱动脉与肘正中静脉分隔开。
9. Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage: through the inferior portion of the third ventricle and demonstrating the pineal gland, caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, thalamus, claustrum, insular lobe, internal capsule, external capsule and extreme capsule. Plain CT scan shows
an oval hyperdense focus in the region of the left basal nuclei (ganglion).
高血压脑出血：经第3脑室下部断面，显示松果体、尾状核、豆状核、丘脑、屏状核、岛叶、内囊、外囊和最外囊。高血压脑出血CT平扫，显示左基底核(基底节)区椭圆形高密度灶。
10. Lung cancer with lymph node metastasis: Anatomical diagram at the coronal section of the midaxillary line and showing the trachea, heart, left lung( superior lobe, inferior lobe) and right lung (superior lobe, middle lobe, inferior lobe).T₁ weighted coronal MR image shows an irregular moderate intensity soft tissue mass in the middle of the right lung. It is contiguous to the mass of the right hilus.
右肺中叶肺癌：经腋中线额状切面，显示气管、心脏、左肺(上、下叶)和右肺(上、中、下叶)。肺癌伴肺门淋巴结转移冠状位下，显示右中肺野有一不规则形中等信号强度之软组织块影，并与右肺门肿大淋巴结块影相连。
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