Lung cancer is commonly associated with widespread haematogenous dissemination at the time of presentation. Sites of spread include the adrenal glands, bones, brain, liver and more distant lymph nodes. Detection of metastatic disease precludes surgical resection of the primary tumour. In most centres chest CT is extended to include the liver and adrenals (with appropriate timing for portal venous enhancement). Further imaging is usually only undertaken if there are clinical features suggesting metastatic disease. In many European countries it is now routine to undertake PET/CT in any patient who is to be offered radical therapy for lung cancer. In patients initially selected for curative resection using standard tumour staging, PET/CT has been reported to detect occult metastatic disease in 11–14% of patients, and to alter management in up to 40%.
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