在新一轮科技革命和产业变革推动下，人工智能、量子信息、大数据、云计算、物联网等前沿科技加速应用于军事领域，国际军事竞争格局正在发生历史性变化。以信息技术为核心的军事高新技术日新月异，武器装备远程精确化、智能化、隐身化、无人化趋势更加明显，战争形态加速向信息化战争演变，智能化战争初现端倪。
中国特色军事变革取得重大进展，但机械化建设任务尚未完成，信息化水平亟待提高，军事安全面临技术突袭和技术代差被拉大的风险，军队现代化水平与国家安全需求相比差距还很大，与世界先进军事水平相比差距还很大。
Driven by the new round of technological and industrial revolution, the application of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), quantum information, big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things is gathering pace in the military field. International military competition is undergoing historic changes. New and high-tech military technologies based on IT are developing rapidly. There is a prevailing trend to develop long-range precision, intelligent, stealthy or unmanned weaponry and equipment. War is evolving in form towards informationized warfare, and intelligent warfare is on the horizon.
Great progress has been made in the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) with Chinese characteristics. However, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has yet to complete the task of mechanization, and is in urgent need of improving its informationization. China’s military security is confronted by risks from technology surprise and growing technological generation gap. Greater efforts have to be invested in military modernization to meet national security demands. The PLA still lags far behind the world’s leading militaries.
二、新时代中国防御性国防政策
中国的社会主义国家性质，走和平发展道路的战略抉择，独立自主的和平外交政策，“和为贵”的中华文化传统，决定了中国始终不渝奉行防御性国防政策。
坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益
这是新时代中国国防的根本目标。
II. China’s Defensive National Defense Policy in the New Era
The socialist system of China, the strategic decision to follow the path of peaceful development, the independent foreign policy of peace, and the best of cultural traditions – considering peace and harmony as fundamentals – determine that China will pursue a national defense policy that is defensive in nature.
Resolutely Safeguarding China’s Sovereignty, Security and Development Interests
This is the fundamental goal of China’s national defense in the new era.
慑止和抵抗侵略，保卫国家政治安全、人民安全和社会稳定，反对和遏制“台独”，打击“藏独”“东突”等分裂势力，保卫国家主权、统一、领土完整和安全。维护国家海洋权益，维护国家在太空、电磁、网络空间等安全利益，维护国家海外利益，支撑国家可持续发展。
China’s national defense aims:
•to deter and resist aggression;
•to safeguard national political security, the people’s security and social stability;
•to oppose and contain “Taiwan independence”;
•to crack down on proponents of separatist movements such as “Tibet independence” and the creation of “East Turkistan”;
•to safeguard national sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity and security;
•to safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests;
•to safeguard China’s security interests in outer space, electromagnetic space and cyberspace;
•to safeguard China’s overseas interests; and
•to support the sustainable development of the country.
中国坚定维护国家主权和领土完整。南海诸岛、钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿是中国固有领土。中国在南海岛礁进行基础设施建设，部署必要的防御性力量，在东海钓鱼岛海域进行巡航，是依法行使国家主权。中国致力于同直接有关的当事国在尊重历史事实和国际法的基础上，通过谈判协商解决有关争议。中国坚持同地区国家一道维护和平稳定，坚定维护各国依据国际法所享有的航行和飞越自由，维护海上通道安全。
China resolutely safeguards its national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The South China Sea islands and Diaoyu Islands are inalienable parts of the Chinese territory. China exercises its national sovereignty to build infrastructure and deploy necessary defensive capabilities on the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and to conduct patrols in the waters of Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea. China is committed to resolving related disputes through negotiations with those states directly involved on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law. China continues to work with regional countries to jointly maintain peace and stability. It firmly upholds freedom of navigation and overflight by all countries in accordance with international law and safeguards the security of sea lines of communication (SLOCs).
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