近两年增长的国防费主要用于：(一)改善部队保障条件。适应国家经济社会发展和居民生活水平提高，调整军人工资津贴标准，连续提高教育训练、水电取暖等经费标准，开展基层后勤综合配套整治，改善边海防部队、边远艰苦地区部队执勤训练和生活条件。(二)完成多样化军事任务。增加非战争军事行动能力建设投入，保障抗震救灾、亚丁湾和索马里海域护航、抗洪抢险、国际救援等行动。(三)推进中国特色军事变革。针对采购价格、维修成本不断上涨势头，适当增加高技术武器装备及其配套建设经费。
2010年，国际金融危机深层次影响尚未消除，各种不确定因素较多，中国财政收支紧张的矛盾仍在持续。国家财政在重点保障“三农”、教育、科技、卫生医疗、社会保障等民生支出的基础上，根据需要适度增加国防开支。2010年国防费预算为5321.15亿元人民币，比2009年增长7.5％，国防费增幅有所下降。
In the past two years, the increase in China's defense expenditure has primarily been used for the following purposes: (1) Improving support conditions for the troops: Along with the economic and social development and the improvement of people's living standards, the PLA has adjusted servicemen's salaries and allowances, increased funding for education and training, water and electricity supplies and heating, upgraded logistics support for grass-roots units in a comprehensive and coordinated way, and improved the on-duty, training and living conditions of border and coastal defense forces and units in remote areas and harsh environments. (2) Accomplishing diversified military tasks: China has increased investment in improving MOOTW capabilities, in supporting earthquake rescue and disaster relief operations, in escort operations in the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia, in flood control and emergency rescue operations, and in international rescue operations. (3) Pushing forward the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) with Chinese characteristics. In view of the upward trend in purchasing prices and maintenance costs, China has moderately increased the funds for high-tech weaponry and equipment and their supporting facilities.
In 2010, confronted by the residual impact of the global financial crisis and other uncertainties, the tension between revenue and expenditure in China's finances persists. Giving priority to socially beneficial spending in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, as well as in education, science and technology, health, medical care and social security, China has increased its defense expenditure moderately as needed. China's defense budget for 2010 is RMB532.115 billion, up 7.5 percent over 2009. The growth rate of defense expenditure has decreased.
(Chart 1: Share of China's Annual Defense Expenditure in the State Financial Expenditure)
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