一般物资
一般物资援助是指中国在援助资金项下，向受援国提供所需生产生活物资、技术性产品或单项设备，并承担必要的配套技术服务。
中国对外援助最早是从提供一般物资开始的。20世纪50、60年代，中国在国内物资十分短缺的情况下，为支持广大亚非国家争取民族解放和发展民族经济，向上述国家提供了大量生产和生活物资。除单项提供援外物资外，中国还配合成套项目建设提供各种配套设备和物资。中国始终将国内生产的质量最好的产品作为援助物资，提供的物资涉及机械设备、医疗设备、检测设备、交通运输工具、办公用品、食品、药品等众多领域。这些物资满足了受援国生产生活急需，其中一些设备如民用飞机、机车、集装箱检测设备等，还促进了受援国装备能力的提高和产业的发展。
Goods and Materials
They include materials for production and living, technical products or single-item equipment, and necessary technical services covered by foreign aid financial resources provided by China.
China started foreign aid by providing goods and materials. In the 1950s and 1960s, China was short of goods and materials at home. But to help Asian and African countries win national independence and develop their economies, it provided these countries with a large amount of goods and materials. In addition, China provided support-ing equipment and materials for complete projects. China always uses products of the highest quality for foreign aid, and the materials it provides include machinery, equipment, medical devices, testing equipment, transport vehicles, office equipment, food and medicine. These supplies meet recipient countries’ urgent needs in life and production; and some equipment, such as civil airplanes, locomotives and container-testing equipment, have helped recipient countries improve their equipment capacity and develop their industries.
技术合作
技术合作是指由中国派遣专家，对已建成成套项目后续生产、运营或维护提供技术指导，就地培训受援国的管理和技术人员；帮助发展中国家为发展生产而进行试种、试养、试制，传授中国农业和传统手工艺技术；帮助发展中国家完成某一项专业考察、勘探、规划、研究、咨询等。
技术合作是中国帮助受援国增强自主发展能力的重要合作方式。技术合作涉及领域广泛，包括工业生产和管理，农业种植养殖，编织、刺绣等手工业生产，文化教育，体育训练，医疗卫生，沼气、小水电等清洁能源开发，地质普查勘探、经济规划等。技术合作期限一般为1年至2年，必要时应对方要求，可以延长。
Technical Cooperation
Technical cooperation means that China dispatches experts to give technical guidance on production, operation or maintenance of complete projects after they are completed, and train local people as managerial and technical personnel; to help developing countries grow crops, raise animals and process products on a trial basis, and teach local people China’s agricultural technologies and traditional handicraft skills; and to help developing countries in inspection, survey, planning, research and consultation work of some industries.
Technical cooperation is an important means by which China helps recipient countries to strengthen their self-development capacity. It covers a wide range of fields, including industrial production and management, farming and poultry raising, handicrafts such as weaving and embroidery, culture and education, sports and physical training, medical and health care, clean energy development such as bio-gas and small hydropower generation, geological survey and prospecting, and economic planning. Technical cooperation projects usually last one to two years, and can be extended at the recipient country’s request.
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