十年来，中央和地方各级政府不断调整财政支出结构，逐步加大对扶贫的财政投入，财政投入从2001年的127.5亿元人民币增加到2010年的349.3亿元人民币，年均增长11.9%，十年累计投入2043.8亿元人民币。其中中央财政安排的扶贫资金投入，从100.02亿元人民币增加到222.7亿元人民币，年均增长9.3%，十年累计投入1440.4亿元人民币。财政扶贫资金分配体现了重点倾斜原则，十年累计投向国家扶贫开发工作重点县和各省自行确定的扶贫开发工作重点县1457.2亿元人民币，占总投入的71.3%，县均投入1.36亿元人民币；十年共在22个省(区、市)安排中央财政扶贫资金1356.2亿元人民币，其中西部12个省(区、市)877亿元人民币。
实行整村推进扶贫开发。为促进贫困地区经济社会全面发展，2001年国家在全国确定了14.8万个贫困村，逐村制定包括基本农田、人畜饮水、道路、贫困农户收入、社会事业等内容的扶贫规划，整合各类支农惠农资金和扶贫专项资金，统筹安排，分年度组织实施，力争实现贫困群众增收、基础设施提升、社会公益事业发展、群众生产生活条件改善的目标。截至2010年底，已在12.6万个贫困村实施整村推进，其中，国家扶贫开发工作重点县中的革命老区、人口较少民族聚居区和边境一线地区贫困村的整村推进已基本完成。
Over the past ten years, the central and local governments have been constantly adjusting their structures of financial expenditure and gradually increasing the financial input into poverty reduction programs. The financial input increased from 12.75 billion yuan in 2001 to 34.93 billion yuan in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 11.9 percent, and the accumulative input totaled 204.38 billion yuan in these ten years. For a breakdown, funds appropriated by the central government for poverty reduction programs increased from 10.002 billion yuan in 2001 to 22.27 billion yuan in 2010, with an average annual growth of 9.3 percent, and the accumulative input reached 144.04 billion yuan over these ten years. The distribution of poverty relief funds reflected the priority principle. The accumulative financial input to the key counties in the national and provincial development-oriented poverty reduction programs over these ten years reached 145.72 billion yuan, accounting for 71.3 percent of the total input and with the average in-put for each county reaching 136 million yuan; the central government appropriated a total of 135.62 billion yuan for poverty reduction in 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), including 87.7 billion yuan for 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in the western regions.
Implementing comprehensive development-oriented poverty reduction in villages. To promote overall economic and social development in poverty-stricken areas, the state designated 148,000 impoverished villages nationwide in 2001, and formulated poverty reduction programs for each and every village covering basic farmland, drinking water for people and livestock, roads, income of poor villagers, social undertakings and other areas. The government pooled and allocated funds for the implementation of the programs on a yearly basis to increase the income of impoverished people, upgrade infrastructure, develop public welfare, and improve the production and living standards. By the end of 2010, some 126,000 villages had implemented the programs, and the villages in old revolutionary bases, areas inhabited by smaller minority groups and border areas had basically completed the work.
加强劳动力培训。人力资源开发是提高发展能力的有效手段。2004年以来，中央政府累计安排财政扶贫资金30亿元人民币，实施以劳动力转移为主要内容的“雨露计划”，对贫困家庭劳动力开展务工技能和农业实用技术培训。到2010年，培训贫困家庭劳动力超过400万人次，其中80%以上实现转移就业。抽样调查显示，接受培训的劳动力比没有接受培训的劳动力月工资可提高300至400元人民币。劳动力培训在帮助贫困地区劳动力实现就业和增加收入的同时，也使他们学到新技术，接触新观念，开阔了视野，增强了信心。从2010年开始，国家以促进就业为导向，开展了对贫困家庭的初高中毕业生参加职业教育给予直接补助的工作试点。
通过教育开展扶贫。十年来，国家大力发展教育，使大批农村家庭经济困难学生通过接受职业教育掌握了就业技能，在城镇稳定就业，帮助家庭摆脱或缓解了贫困现象。2001年至2010年，全国中等职业学校毕业学生4289万人，其中大部分毕业生来自农村家庭和城市经济困难家庭。不断健全义务教育、高中阶段教育和高等学校家庭经济困难学生资助体系，减轻困难学生家庭经济负担。建设移民学校，推动生态移民。
Strengthening training of the labor force. The development of human resources is an effective means of enhancing development capability. Since 2004, the central government has appropriated a total of three billion yuan in poverty reduction funds for the "Dew Program," which focuses on training labor force from poor rural families in technical skills and practical agricultural techniques so that they can find better-paying jobs. By the year 2010, more than four million people from poor rural families had received such training, and 80 percent of them found jobs outside agriculture. A sample survey revealed that workers who had received training earned 300-400 yuan per month more than those who hadn't. The training programs not only helped employment and salary growth in poor areas, they also provided chances for the workers to get access to new skills and new concepts, thus broadening their horizons and enhance their confidence. In 2010, in an attempt to promote employment the state began to carry out a pilot project that provides direct subsidy for high-school graduates from poor families to pursue vocational education.
Poverty reduction through education. Over the past decade, the state has been vigorously developing education, helping large numbers of students from economically poor rural families acquire necessary skills through vocational education and find stable employment in cities/towns, thus shaking off or alleviating poverty in these families. From 2001 to 2010, some 42.89 million students graduated from secondary vocational schools, and most of them were from rural families or impoverished urban families. The state constantly improves the subsidy system for poor students in compulsory education, senior high school education and higher education to relieve the financial burden on poor families. The government also builds schools for immigrants, and encourages immigration for ecological protection purpose.
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