(四)增强科技和政策研究支撑能力
加强基础研究。组织编制第一次、第二次《气候变化国家评估报告》。开展气候变化与环境质量关系、温室气体与污染物协同控制、气候变化与水循环机理、气候变化与林业响应对策等研究。建立未来气候变化趋势数据集，发布亚洲地区气候变化预估数据集。组建了若干个海—气相互作用与气候变化专门实验室，开展了大量基础研究工作。
4. Fueling Support from Scientific and Policy Research
Augmenting fundamental research. China has compiled its first and second National Evaluation Reports on Climate Change. It has conducted research into the relations between climatic change and environment quality, coordinated control of greenhouse gas and pollutants, climate change and the water cycle mechanism, and climate change and forestry response measures. It has built a data set on climate change trend, and released a data set on Asian climate change prediction. It has opened several special laboratories in sea-air interaction and climate change, and has conducted large amounts of work in fundamental research.
推进气候友好技术研发。在国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”计划)和科技支撑计划中开展能源清洁高效利用技术、重点行业工业节能技术与装备开发、建筑节能关键技术与材料开发、重点行业清洁生产关键技术与装备开发和低碳经济产业发展模式及关键技术集成应用等节能技术研发，取得了一批具有自主知识产权的发明专利和重大成果。推动可再生能源和新能源开发利用技术、智能电网关键技术等领域的技术研发。开展温室气体提高石油采收率的资源化利用及地下埋存、咸水层封存能力评价及安全性、新型高效吸附材料的制备筛选等研发工作。在“十一五”科技支撑计划中部署气候变化影响与适应的关键技术研究、典型脆弱区域气候变化适应技术示范等项目专题，在碳排放监测方面组织开展嗅碳卫星研究。通过“863”计划和支撑计划，设立了主要农林生态系统固碳减排技术研究与示范、林业生态建设关键技术研究与示范、农业重大气候灾害监测预警与调控技术研究等项目。实施国家科技支撑计划项目《重点行业节能减排技术评估与应用研究》。2010年国家工程研究(技术)中心、国家工程实验室分别达到288个和91个。
加强气候变化战略和政策研究。围绕“十二五”应对气候变化重点任务，研究应对气候变化的长远战略，开展中国低碳发展战略、全国适应气候变化总体战略、碳排放交易机制、国内外应对气候变化相关法律法规等研究。启动中国应对气候变化科技专项行动，总投入经费约1.1亿人民币，开展中国绿色发展的重大战略及技术问题等相关研究。
Promoting climate-friendly technological R&D. With the support of the National Hi-tech R&D Program ("863 Program") and the National Key Technologies R&D Program, China has started R&D into clean and efficient utilization of energies, energy-saving technology and equipment in certain key industries, key energy-saving technology and materials for buildings, key technology and equipment of clean production for key industries, and pattern of a low-carbon economic development and integrated application of key technologies, and has made significant progress with a number of invention patents of its own intellectual property rights. China also pushes forward the R&D of technology for the development and application of renewable and new energies, and key technology for the smart grids. It has made evaluations of the practice of using greenhouse gas as a resource to enhance the petroleum recovery ratio, and of the capacity of underground storage and storage of carbon dioxide in underground saline water, and has carried out R&D in the preparation and sifting of new, safe and efficient absorption materials. Included in the National Key Technologies R&D Program through the 11th Five-Year Plan are special programs to study the impacts caused by and adaption to climate change and corresponding key technologies to address them, and to demonstrate the technologies used to adapt to climate change in typical fragile zones. In terms of carbon emission monitoring, China has begun its research in Orbiting Carbon Observatory. With the support of the "863 Program" and the National Key Technologies R&D Program, China has started to research in and demonstrate carbon capture and emission reduction technologies applied in major agricultural and forestry ecosystems, and key technologies in forestry eco-construction, and research into the technologies for monitoring, early warning and addressing major agriculture-related climatic disasters. It has carried out evaluation and applied research into technologies of energy conservation and emission reduction for key industries, which is a project of the National Key Technologies R&D Program. By 2010, the country had built 288 state engineering research (technological) centers and 91 state engineering laboratories.
Strengthening strategy and policy study. Centering on the major tasks in addressing climate change during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China is studying a long-term strategy to cope with the issue of climate change, a strategy of low-carbon development, and a national overall strategy to address climate change and carbon trading mechanism, as well as relevant laws and regulations at home and abroad related to climate change. It has started a special scientific action, with a total investment of 110 million yuan, to deal with climate change, and begun studying major strategies and technical issues to promote its own green development.
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