气候变化是国际社会普遍关注的全球性问题。近年来，全球酷暑、干旱、洪涝等极端气候事件频发，气候变化影响日益显现。各国携手应对气候变化，共同推进绿色、低碳发展已成为当今世界的主流。
中国是全球最大的发展中国家，人口众多，能源资源匮乏，气候条件复杂，生态环境脆弱，尚未完成工业化和城镇化的历史任务，发展很不平衡。2010年人均国内生产总值刚刚超过2.9万元人民币，按照联合国的贫困标准，还有上亿贫困人口，发展经济、消除贫困、改善民生的任务十分艰巨。同时，中国是最易受气候变化不利影响的国家之一，全球气候变化已对中国经济社会发展产生诸多不利影响，成为可持续发展的重大挑战。
Climate change is a global issue of common concern to the international community. In recent years, worldwide heat waves, droughts, floods and other extreme climate events have occurred frequently, making the impact of climate change increasingly prominent. It has become a main world trend that all countries join hands to respond to climate change and promote green and low-carbon development.
China is the world's largest developing country, with a large population, insufficient energy resources, complex climate and fragile eco-environment. It has not yet completed the historical task of industrialization and urbanization and its development is unbalanced. China's per-capita GDP in 2010 was only a little more than RMB29,000. By the UN standard for poverty, China still has a poverty-stricken population of over 100 million, thus it faces an extremely arduous task in developing its economy, eliminating poverty and improving the people's livelihood. In the meantime, China is one of the countries most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Climate change generates many negative effects on China's economic and social development, posing a major challenge to the country's sustainable development.
中国政府一贯高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为关系经济社会发展全局的重大议题，纳入经济社会发展中长期规划。2006年，中国提出了2010年单位国内生产总值能耗比2005年下降20％左右的约束性指标，2007年在发展中国家中第一个制定并实施了应对气候变化国家方案，2009年确定了到2020年单位国内生产总值温室气体排放比2005年下降40％—45％的行动目标。
为完成上述目标任务，中国在“十一五”期间(2006—2010年)采取了一系列减缓和适应气候变化的重大政策措施，取得了显著成效。2011年制定实施的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》确立了今后5年绿色、低碳发展的政策导向，明确了应对气候变化的目标任务。在气候变化国际谈判中，中国一直发挥着积极建设性作用，努力推动谈判进程，为应对全球气候变化作出了重要贡献。为使国际社会充分了解中国“十一五”期间应对气候变化采取的政策与行动、取得的积极成效以及“十二五”期间应对气候变化的总体部署及有关谈判立场，特发表本白皮书。
The Chinese government constantly sets great store by the issue of climate change and has included addressing climate change into its mid- and long-term planning for economic and social development as a major issue concerning its overall economic and social development. In 2006, China set forth the compulsive goal of reducing its per-unit GDP energy consumption in 2010 by 20 percent from that of 2005. In 2007, China became the first developing country to formulate and implement a national program to address climate change. In 2009, China put forward the goal of action to reduce the per-unit GDP greenhouse gas emission in 2020 by 40-45 percent as compared to that of 2005.
To accomplish the above goals, China adopted a range of major policy measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010) period, and has achieved remarkable results. The Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development released in 2011 established the policy orientation of promoting green and low-carbon development, and expressly set out the objectives and tasks of addressing climate change for the next five years. China has been playing a constructive role in international negotiations on climate change, actively pushing forward the negotiation process, thereby making a significant contribution to addressing global climate change. This white paper is hereby issued to enable the international community to fully understand China's policies and actions for addressing climate change, and the positive results achieved in this regard during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, as well as China's overall arrangements to address climate change and its related negotiating position during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period (2011-2015).
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