开展稀土行业的环境专项整治。在专项整治中，各级政府明确要求，现有稀土企业必须加快环保设施建设并达标排放，实施清洁生产，否则依法停产，限期整改仍未达标的企业要坚决取缔。从2011年开始，国家对全部稀土矿山、冶炼分离、金属生产企业开展了环保核查工作，严肃查处稀土企业污染环境的行为，已先后公布了两批共56家符合环保要求的企业名单，促使稀土行业、企业投入40多亿元人民币进行环保整治和技术升级，稀土行业的环保水平得到明显提高。对环境污染严重、环境安全隐患突出、群众反映强烈、不符合环保法律法规要求的企业，采取挂牌督办、限期治理等措施依法处罚。各级政府对于历史上形成的生态环境破坏、尾矿和废渣污染等问题，将投入资金进行专项治理。
五、推进技术进步和产业升级
中国把提高稀土的科学开发和应用技术水平放在重要位置，着力营造政策环境，加快推进稀土技术进步和产业升级，努力破解资源、环境瓶颈制约，为稀土可持续发展提供技术支撑。
The state carries out special environmental protection campaigns to regulate the activities of the rare earth industry. In these campaigns, governments at all levels require rare earth enterprises to accelerate the construction of environmental protection facilities, abide by the pollutant discharge standards, and implement clean production. Enterprises that do not meet these requirements shall be ordered to cease production for pollution control in accordance with the law, and shall be closed down if they still fail to meet the standards after the deadline set for them to correct their ways. An overall environmental protection inspection has been conducted since 2011 on all rare earth mines, smelting, separation and metal production enterprises, investigating and punishing rare earth enterprises responsible for polluting the environment. So far, the state has published two lists of a total of 56 enterprises that have met environmental protection standards. As a result, the rare earth industry and its enterprises have been urged to put in more than four billion yuan on pollution control and technology upgrading, markedly enhancing the environmental protection level of the industry. Regarding enterprises that generate heavy pollution, pose environmental hazards, cause strong complaints from the public, or violate laws and regulations on environmental protection, the state will publicize their cases, urge them to rectify their activities within a specified period of time, supervise their rectification process, and take other disciplinary actions necessary in accordance with the law. Governments at all levels will appropriate funds to address ecological damage and pollution caused by tailings and slag, which have been formed over a long period of time.
V. Promoting Technological Advancement and Industrial Upgrading
China makes it a priority to enhance the level of scientific devel-opment and utilization of rare earth products. The state strives to create a favorable policy environment for expediting the technological advancement and upgrading of the rare earth industry, overcoming resource and environmental bottlenecks and providing technological support for the sustainable development of rare earth industry.
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