严格执行环境保护的法律法规，是稀土开发利用中保护好环境的关键。近年来，国家严格执行环境影响评价制度，新建、扩建、改建稀土项目必须对可能造成的环境影响作出分析、预测和评估，并提出预防和减轻环境影响的对策和措施，未通过环评不得实施。执行“三同时”制度，稀土建设项目环保设施必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工，并经环保部门验收后同时投入使用。执行排污许可制度和《稀土工业污染物排放标准》，稀土企业应事先取得环保部门的许可，根据排放标准规定的浓度、数量和方式等实现达标排放，禁止未依法取得许可证擅自排放。执行强制淘汰制度，禁止采用离子型稀土矿堆浸、池浸选矿工艺，禁止开发独居石单一矿种，禁止采用严重污染环境和破坏生态的工艺，从源头防止生态破坏和环境污染。近年来，国家更加严格地执行稀土矿山地质环境恢复治理保证金制度，督促稀土开采企业严格落实生态环境保护与恢复的经济责任，逐步建立矿山环境治理和生态恢复责任机制。
Earnest enforcement of laws and regulations on environmental protection has been the key to maintaining a good environment while developing and utilizing rare earth resources. In recent years, the state has enforced the environmental impact assessment system to the letter. An analysis, prediction and assessment report of the environmental impact that may be caused by a rare earth construction, expansion or renovation project must be submitted in advance, along with countermeasures to prevent and mitigate the impact. No project shall be implemented before it passes the assessment. To intensify environmental protection efforts in the rare earth industry, the state also strictly observes the stipulation in the Environmental Protection Law that installations for the prevention and control of pollution at a construction project must be designed, built and commissioned together with the principal part of the project, and that a construction project should not be commissioned or used until such installations are examined and considered up-to-standard by environmental protection authorities in charge. China exercises a pollution discharge license system and implements the Discharge Standards of Pollutants for the Rare Earth Industry. Rare earth enterprises are forbidden to discharge pollutants before they obtain pollution discharge licenses from the environmental protection authorities, and should strictly observe the standards on the density, quantity and channels of pollutant discharge. The state adopts a system of compulsory elimination of obsolete processes and equipment, and prohibits the use of tank and heap leaching methods for ion-absorption rare earths and the mining of monazite deposits only. The government also bans the use of technologies that cause heavy pollution and severe damage to the environment, and acts to prevent ecological degradation and environmental pollution at the source. In recent years, China has been stricter in implementing the deposit system for protecting and restoring the geological environment of rare earth mines, urging rare earth enterprises to carry out their economic responsibilities for environmental protection and restoration, and gradually establishing a responsibility mechanism of environmental control and ecological restoration for the mines.
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