——出口走私比较严重。受国内国际需求等多种因素影响，虽然中国海关将稀土列为重点打私项目，但稀土产品的出口走私现象仍然存在。2006年至2008年，国外海关统计的从中国进口稀土量，比中国海关统计的出口量分别高出35%、59%和36%，2011年更是高出1.2倍。
针对稀土行业发展中存在的突出问题，中国政府进一步加大了对稀土行业的监管力度。2011年5月，国务院正式颁布了《关于促进稀土行业持续健康发展的若干意见》(以下简称《意见》)，把保护资源和环境、实现可持续发展摆在更加重要的位置，依法加强对稀土开采、生产、流通、进出口等环节的管理，研究制定和修改完善加强稀土行业管理的相关法律法规。中国政府设立稀有金属部际协调机制，统筹研究国家稀土发展战略、规划、计划和政策等重大问题；设立稀土办公室，协调提出稀土开采、生产、储备、进出口计划等，国务院有关部门按职能分工，做好相应管理工作。2012年4月，批准成立中国稀土行业协会，发挥协会在行业自律、规范行业秩序、积极开展国际合作交流等方面的重要作用。《意见》实施一年多来，行业发展方式加快转变，行业发展秩序有了明显改善。
- Grave smuggling. Due to multiple factors, including domestic and international demand, the smuggling of rare earth products to overseas markets continues to be a problem in spite of the efforts made by China's customs listing it as a key criminal act to crack down on. From 2006 to 2008, the volumes of rare earth products imported from China, according to statistics collected by from foreign customs, were 35 percent, 59 percent and 36 percent higher than the volumes exported, as statistics released by the Chinese customs show, and the figure from foreign customs is 1.2-fold over the Chinese figure in 2011.
To address the salient problems in the development of China's rare earth industry, the Chinese government has tightened supervision over it. In May 2011, the State Council issued Guidelines on Promoting the Sustainable and Healthy Development of the Rare Earth Industry (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines"), attaching more importance to the protection of resources and the environment, and the realization of sustainable development. According to the "Guidelines," the government - in accordance with law - will strengthen control over the mining, production, circulation, import and export, and other links of the rare earth industry, and study and formulate as well as amend and improve related laws and regulations on the administration of this industry. The Chinese government has established an inter-departmental coordinating mechanism for the rare earth industry to make overall plans and study of the national strategy, program, plan, policy, and other important issues concerning the development of the rare earth industry. The state has also set up a rare earth office to coordinate and propose plans on the mining, production, reserve, and import and export of rare earth materials. The relevant departments of the State Council will perform their respective administrative functions accordingly. In April 2012, Association of China Rare Earth Industry was founded with official approval. It is expected to play an important role in promoting self-discipline in the industry, regulating the industrial order, and proactively carrying out international cooperation and exchanges, among other functions. A year or so has passed since the implementation of the "Guidelines," the transformation of the development pattern of China's rare earth industry has picked up speed, and significant improvement has been seen in its development order.
上一篇：《中国的稀土状况与政策》（中英对照）II
下一篇：《钓鱼岛是中国的固有领土》白皮书（中英对照）II
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们，每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧，外语学习及翻译招聘信息。