政治经济习语的形象表达与指称意义的解读
2017-05-27 14:55:27 etogether.net 网络 次
8. 现在的问题是抓“落实”，以确保己出台的政策措施全部到位。
To ensure full implementation of the policies and measures already introduced, the question now is how to bring them into effect.
字面上看，英语的“抓”，“出台”，“到位”都不合此上下文，这是汉语的形象表达，在译文中要用“使生效”、“实行”和“执行”才能将英语的实际指称竟义表达出来。
9. 我们的国民经济计划总体来说只能是扭线条的和有殚性的，只能是通过计划的综合平衡和绞济手段调节，做到大的方面管住管好、小的方面放开放活。
Our national economic plans on the whole can only be rough and elastic and that we can do no more than, by striking an overall balance in planning and through regulation by economic means, exercise effective control over major issues while allowing flexibility on minor ones.
“有弹性”基本为直译，但“粗线条”却丢掉了原汉语形象而转译为"rough (粗略的）”；“大的……管好”、“小的……放活”分别译为“大事有效控制，小事给与灵活性”，解读正确，恰如其分地再现 了该原汉语形象的实际指称意义，现在这类说法越来越通俗，如 “抓好大的，放活小的”,甚至还有“抓大放小”等各种说法，值得注意。
10.实行“八七扶贫攻坚计划”。
To carry out the plan to assist 80 million people in haying sufficient food and clothing within seven years.
“七年扶助八千万人解决衣食问题”；“攻坚”并非真打仗，实则是一神流行说法。
11.按照“稳住一头，放开一片”的方计，加强科技系统的结构调整和人才合理分流。
In accordance with the principle of “concentrating on scientific and technological research and at the same time encouraging the commercializtion of research resultswe should accelerate the restructuring of the management system, and the rational flow of personnel.
“稳住”、“放幵”非常形象，“一头’’、“一片”也很通俗，但外国人却难解其意。其实在此上下文中，它实指“着重科研同时提倡商业效益”，英语中的确没有这种形象表达。
12.这种模式的主要弊端是：政企职责不分，条块分割，国家对企业统得过死......
Following are the major defects of this structure ： No clear destination has been drawn between the functions of the government and those of the enterprise; barriers exist between different departments or between different regions；the state has exercised excessive and rigid control over enterprises...
汉语的“条块分割”这一形象说法实指“部门间、地区间存在障碍而被阻隔”。惝若取“形”而舍“义”，定会不知此处“条块”为何物。
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