汉语法律之英译亦可从宏观与微观两个方面着手进行探索。本文的议题，除其本身意义外，也旨在介绍微观探索的一种途径。请看：
无论是版权法、专利法、商标法……，还是技术转让合同，科技开发协议……，都有于何时“生效”或自何年何月何日起“实施”等规定。这“施行”（“生效”）如何译成英语，又有几种译法或者说表达法呢？请看实例之调查研究及由此而得出的结论如下——
1. Adopted on 25 July 1985，the Directive must be brought into force by 30 July 1988 but earlier implementation is planned in the UK.
—Business Law Review, December 1985, p.8
2. Six countries have already ratified the Convention, and it will come into force one year after four more countries have submitted their ratifications or accesions.
—Business Law Review.
March 1984, p.85
3. The Agreement between the UK and the State of Kuwait for the avoidance of double taxation ... entered into force on April 8, 1985.
—Business Law Review, June 1985. p.188
4. The change, which came into effect on May 1, 1985，does not apply to valuation for VAT.
—Business Law Review, June 1985, p. 187
5. One was the entry into effect or July 13, 1983：the other was the foundation in January 1983, of the Federation Against Copyright Theft Ltd.
—The Journal of Business Law, May 1984, p.27
6. These Rules amend the County Court (Forms) Rules 1982 so as to give effect to those provisions of the Consumer Credit Act 1974...
—Business Law Review, June 1985，p.186
7. Guarantee periods ... go into effect from the day of the retail sale of the product.
—Soviet Statues and Decisions.
NV Spring 1985, p.247
8. The provisions of the Agreement have effect from January 1. 1982.
—Business Law Review, June 1985, p. 188
9. The provisions of the Convention take effect in the United Kingdom from April 1, 1984 for corporation tax and......
—Business Law Review,
March 1984. p. 74
上一篇：“企业犯罪”英译解释
下一篇：翻译的基本要求——注意两种文化的差异
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们，每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧，外语学习及翻译招聘信息。