2. 增加表示时态和复数的词
英语具有某些综合性语言的特征,可以通过名词、动词的词形变化来表现时态和复数。英语动词的时态是靠词形或者加助动词来表达,汉语则是靠增加时态助词或者表示时间的词,如“曾、已经、过了、在、正在、着、将、要、会、便”等来表达。
例 7 The agreement will come into force next year.
译文:协议将于明年生效。(加了“将”)
例 8 The bargain continued far into the night.
译文:讨价还价一直延续到深夜。(加了“一直”)
例 9 When applying for visas, aliens shall present valid passports and, if necessary provide pertinent evidence.
译文:外国人申请各项签证,应当提供有效护照,必要时提供有关证明。 (加了“各项”)
3. 增加英语句式中省略的词
为了使词句简洁,避免重复,英语中可以省略某些词,但译成中文时,经常要把原文省略的词补上去,否则就无法确切表达原作的意思。
例 10 It's more expensive than it was last time but not as good.
译文:价格比上次的髙,但质量却比上次的差。(but it's not as good as it was last time)(加了“上次”)
例 11 And even if large investment with a 10-year payback period looks difficult, for large companies there are plenty of smaller opportunities which will pay back much quickly.
译文:即便回报期为十年的大规模投资看起来有困难,对大公司来说,仍有许多小规模投资的机会,其回报期将会短得多。(加了“规模”)
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