疏五过论篇/Shu Wu Guo Lun
(The Five Faults in Diagnosis and Treating)
黄帝日:呜呼远哉!闵闵乎若视深渊，若迎浮云，视深渊尚可测，迎浮云奠知其际，[于鬯说:“际字当依《六微旨大论》作‘极’”]圣人之术，为万民式，论裁志意，必有法则，循经守数，按循医事，为万民副，故事有五过四德[“四德”二字疑衍，全篇只论“五过”]，汝知之乎?雷公避席再拜曰:臣年幼小，蒙愚以惑，不闻五过与四德，比类形名，虚引其经，心无所对。
Yellow Emperor said: "Alas. How profound and far-reaching is the medicine. It is like probing an abyss or facing the floating cloud when studying it. One may survey the abyss but can hardly know the ultimate of the floating cloud. The medical technique of the sage is the model of the masses, and when he studied and determined the knowledge of medicine, it was
based on a certain standing order. It is only to follow the routine and the standing order, and treat the disease according to the medical principle, can one benefit the patient. Do you know the stipulated five faults in diagnosis and treating?"
Lei Gong stood up, bowed and said: “I am young, dull-witted and muddled, and I have not heard the five faults in diagnosis and treating. I can only analogize according to the appearance and the name of the disease, quote the text from the medical classics vaguely. I can not answer it with my inner heart."
帝日:凡未诊病者，必问尝贵后贱，虽不中邪，病从内生，名曰脱营;尝富后贫，名日失精;五气留连，病有所并。医工诊之，不在藏府，不变躯形，诊之而疑，不知病名;身体日减，气虚无精，病深无气，洒洒然时惊，病深者，以其外耗于卫，内夺于荣。良工[“良”字疑误，似应作“粗”]所失，不知病情，此亦治之一过也。
Yellow Empperor said: "When treating, one must inquire the conditions of the patient's daily life. If the patient was noble in the past and is now humble, although he had not attacked by the evil energy, yet he has disease produced from the interior, and it is called the 'exhaustion of nutrition'. If the patient was rich in the past and is now poor that causes the disease, it is called the 'depletion of essence'. Both the diseases are due to the depression of spirit and the gradual accumlation of the stagnated energy and blood. The physician is often perplexed and can not be ascertaind what the disease is in diagnosing as the disease is not in the viscera, and the body appears to have nothing different. But the patient is getting thinner and thinner, his energy is debilitating and his essence is consuming day after day. When the condition of the disease becomes severe, the patient will be exhausted, afraid of cold, be terrified and restless. As the disease is caused by the depression of the spirit, the Wei energy will be wasted outside, and the Rong energy which nourished the blood will be depleted insided and the condition will become worse day after day. The physician of lower level neglects the condition of the disease and treats it carelessly. This is the first fault in diagnosis and treating.
凡欲诊病者，必问饮食居处，暴乐暴苦，始乐后苦，皆伤精气。精气竭绝，形体毁沮。暴怒伤阴，暴喜伤阳，厥气上行，满脉去形。愚医治之，不知补写，不知病情，精华日脱，邪气乃并，此治之二过也。
"In diagnosis, the physician must ask the patient about his food, drink and daily life, and find out whether there is any sudden joyfulness or sudden sorrow happened to him, whether he enjoyed a happy life or suffered a hardship in the past, as all these conditions can injure the refined energy, debilitate the refined energy and do harm to the body. The sudden onset of fury can injure the Yin energy, and the sudden onset of joy can injure the Yang energy. When the Yin or Yang energy is injured, the Jueyin energy will ascend to cause the distention and fullness of the channels, and the body of the patient will become emaciated. When a physician of lower level diagnoses, he does not know whether the patient should be invigorated or be purged, neither he knows the condition of the disease causing the consumption of the patient and the prosperity of the evil energy. This is the second fault in diagnosis and treating.
善为脉者，必以比类奇恒从容知之，为工而不知道，此诊之不足贵，此治之三过也。
"The physician who is good in diagnosis, can certainly distinguish the disease by analogy, analyse the extraordinary and ordinary disease, handle leisurely and carefully the rule of the changing condition of the disease. If a physician is ignorant about these principles, his diagnosis and treating will be of nothing commendable. This is the third fault in diagnosis and treating.
上一篇：中医翻译例文——徵四失论篇/The Four Reasons in the Failure of Treating
下一篇：中医翻译例文——示从容论篇/Diagnose According to the Established Norm in a Leisured Way
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