- 签证留学 |
- 笔译 |
- 口译
- 求职 |
- 日/韩语 |
- 德语
所谓叠用结构,也可称为双重搭配,实际上是一种因省略成分所引起的分隔现象。笔者称这种语法现象为叠用结构,语法书上一般没有专门的叫法。
叠用结构的句子中,往往有两个相同或不同词性的词(例如,两个介词或一个介词和一个动词或分词等)合用一个宾语,或者两个相同或不同词性的词甚至两个不同的句子合用一个共同的成分。这种重叠结构起着简化句子的作用,常用并列连词and, or, but等或从属连词if,though等作为连接的手段。叠用结构通常为独立成分(即用逗号点开),但有时(特别当两个介词合用一个宾浯时)也可不独立。
叠用结构的翻译要视具体情況而定,有时需重复原文中某一成分。
为了便于了解这种结构,试举一例说明:
This sound occurs at the time of, or shortly after, the pressure rise in the left ventricle.
[译文]这种心音在左室压力升高时或在升高后不久产生。
[说明]上句中的重叠结构为or shortly after,介词of和after合用宾语the pressure rise,此句的非简化形式应为:This sound occurs at the time of the pressure rise in the left ventricle, or shortly after the pressure rise in the left ventricle.
叠用结构用法和译例:
1. Eczema is not a specific disease, and the term has been, and still is, used in different sense by different writers.
[译文]湿疹不是一种特殊的疾病,这一术语向来被而且现在仍被不同的作者用于不同的概念。
2. It is difficult, if not impossible, to give a short satisfying definition or a granuloma.
[译文]对肉芽肿下一个简短而令人满意的定义,虽非不可能,但也是困难的。
3. It has been realized for many years that the inside of most, if not all. cells is at a different electrical potential from that of the medium surrounding it.
[译文]多年来一直认为:大多数(即使不是全部)细胞的电位与其周围的介体不同.
4. Nevertheless, the spleen is an important organ clinically; and disturbance of its function seems to be associated with, if not the actual cause of, certain important disease.