过于冗长或结构复杂的句子，口译时总是可以分成若干简短的单句来表达。

(1) 书面体: Over the long years, whichever exploiting class that controlled national or local power, irrespective of the nationality to which it belonged, invariably pursued a policy of national oppression against the other nationalities and brought misery to people of all the nationalities, with the smaller ones suffering the most severely.

口语体：Over the long years, no matter which exploiting class controlled national or local power, and no matter which nationality it belonged, it always oppressed and brought misery to the people of all the nationalities. The smaller ones suffered the most.

(2) 书面体: In September 1990, the All-China Women's Federation and State Statistical Bureau jointly conducted a survey of the social status of Chinese women by giving out questionnaires to over 40,000 men and women between 16 to 64 years old in urban and rural areas in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

口语体：In September 1990, the All-China Women's Federation and State Statistical Bureau jointly conducted a survey of the social status of Chinese women. Questionnaires were given out to over 40,000 men and women between 16 to 64 years old in urban and rural areas in 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

即席发言或未经准备的自由交谈还常出现重复，不完全句等等。说话者有时会迟疑，在思考如何表达时，为保证交谈不间断地，较自然地进行。人们常用语言学上称为、填补词语”(hesitation fillers)，如用r, m，oh, now, well, you see, you know, I mean, shall I say等等，表示“思考”、“默许”、“辩解”等意思。像I know, I see, I suppose, I'm afraid, they tell me, you know, mind you, to be honest/frank, generally speaking, all in all, as you see, as I said, so to speak等带说明性质的分句，短语，可能出现在句首、句中或句尾，在非正式文体中大都在句尾。

在交谈中，说话者不能或不需要十分确切地表达时，也常用kind of, sort of, what-do-you-call-it 一类词语。以上词语以及非强调性的重复，译员无须译出，如：

This competition hall can hold...er...well...10,000 spectators, ...oh, no...it's...it's 12,000, that's right, 12,000, they tell me.

这句话，译员只需要译作“这个比赛大厅可以容纳12,000观众”就可以了。

译员服务的对象不可能个个都是思维敏捷、表达简练而有条理的人；交谈者可以不善言辞、讲话重复啰唆，但是学语言、以语言为服务工具的译员不能这样。他必须做到语言表达简洁、清楚，有条理。这是需要从事口译工作的人不断努力的。

3. 词汇层次

除非在非常正式的场合，英语口语体常采用许多使用频率较高的常用词（其中不少是盎格鲁-撒克逊词）及单音节或少音节的“小词”以及概括性强（general）的词和缩略词。学会灵活使用这类词，不仅仅是口语体本身的要求，也有助于译员提高口译速度，随机应变，摆脱困境。如一时翻不出来“四合院”、“豆汁”、“京韵大鼓”，至少可以用 house,(soft) drink, singing performance这类概括性强的词加上 a kind of 来解释。

试比较下面的词汇和词组，后面的词/词组都比前面的简单常用:

conclude/end; commence/begin; inform/tell; proceed/go; amalgamate/combine; proclaim/announce; utilize/make use of; investigate/look into; telephone/phone; photograph/photo; influenza/flu; laboratory/lab; television/ TV

又如：

书面体：Early this month, nine privately funded full-time primary and middle schools were established in Shanghai. This has brought the number of non-state schools in the country's largest metropolis to 15.

口语体：Early this month, nine private full-time primary and middle schools were set up in Shanghai. Now there are 15 such private schools in the city.

口译时，除非说话者使用非正式色彩较浓的语体，一般应避免使用俚语。如用lousy 表示bad, terrible, inferior;用 swell (Am.E.)表示good, excellent outstanding, notable, distinguished等等。

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