残疾人脱贫攻坚深入开展。中共十八大以来，政府将贫困残疾人脱贫纳入国家脱贫攻坚战略布局，并作为脱贫攻坚重要内容，在制度设计、政策安排、项目实施上给予支持。中共中央、国务院2018年发布《关于打赢脱贫攻坚战三年行动的指导意见》，专节部署贫困残疾人脱贫行动，确保到2020年贫困残疾人同全国一道进入全面小康社会。国务院扶贫办、国家发展改革委、中国残联等26部门制定《贫困残疾人脱贫攻坚行动计划（2016－2020年）》，并制定了电子商务助残扶贫行动、产业扶持助残扶贫行动等配套实施方案。加大金融资金投入，2011年至2018年，中央财政累计安排康复扶贫贴息贷款53亿元，35万贫困残疾人受益。实施精准扶贫战略以来，政府将600多万残疾人纳入贫困户建档立卡范围，截至2018年，建档立卡贫困残疾人人数已减少到169.8万。

　　Poverty eradication for persons with disabilities has been advanced. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the government has included poverty eradication for people with disabilities into the national strategy as an important element, and offers support in system design, policy arrangements, and project implementation. In 2018, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the “Directives on Winning the Three-year Poverty Eradication Campaign”, which designates a special section to poverty eradication activities for impoverished people with disabilities to ensure they achieve moderate prosperity with the rest of the country by 2020. Twenty-six departments, including the State Council Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development, National Development and Reform Commission, and CDPF, formulated the “Action Plan on Poverty Eradication for Impoverished Persons with Disabilities (2016-2020)” and supporting programs on lifting these people out of poverty through e-commerce or industrial development. Financial investment has been increased in this regard. From 2011 to 2018, the central finance arranged a total of RMB5.3 billion as subsidized loans for rehabilitation-based poverty alleviation, benefiting 350,000 poor people with disabilities. Since the targeted poverty alleviation strategy was established, the government has registered more than 6 million persons with disabilities as poverty-stricken households in need of help. By 2018, the number of registered poor people with disabilities had decreased to 1.7 million.

　　七、无障碍环境建设与个人行动能力

　　中国重视无障碍环境建设与辅助器具供应和适配服务，逐步完善相关法律法规和标准，不断加大支持力度。

　　无障碍环境建设形成规范体系。自1989年《方便残疾人使用的城市道路和建筑物设计规范（试行）》颁布实施以来，中国相继制定了《无障碍设计规范》《无障碍设施施工验收及维护规范》等国家标准；发布实施《城市公共交通设施无障碍设计指南》《标志用公共信息图形符号第9部分：无障碍设施符号》等国家标准。国家民航、铁路、工业和信息化、教育、银行等主管部门分别制定实施了民用机场旅客航站区、铁路旅客车站、网站及通信终端设备、特殊教育学校、银行等行业无障碍建设标准规范。2012年，国务院颁布《无障碍环境建设条例》。中共十八大以来，无障碍环境建设立法进一步加强，法律法规和政策措施呈现明显增长的态势。截至2018年，全国省、地（市）、县共制定无障碍环境与管理的法规、规章等规范性文件475部。

　　VII. Creating an Accessible Environment and Enabling Mobility

　　China attaches importance to creating an accessible environment and supplying and adapting assistive devices and tools. It has improved relevant laws, regulations and standards, and increased support in this regard.

　　A system of standards for creating an accessible environment has taken shape. After the “Design Standards of Urban Roads and Buildings for the Convenience of Persons with Disabilities (Trial)” came into effect in 1989, China has formulated the “Codes for Accessibility Design”, the “Construction Acceptance and Maintenance Standards of the Barrier-free Facilities” and other national standards, and issued the “Accessibility Design Guide for Urban Public Transport Facilities” and the “Public Information Graphical Symbols for Use on Sign – Part 9: Symbols for Accessible Facilities”. The administrative departments of civil aviation, rail, industry and information technology, education, and banking have drawn up construction codes for accessibility facilities in passenger terminals of civil airports, passenger railway stations, websites, telecommunications terminal devices, special education schools, and banks. In 2012, the State Council issued the Regulations on the Building of an Accessible Environment. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, legislation on creating an accessible environment has been intensified and the number of relevant laws, regulations, policies and measures has seen an obvious increase. By 2018, 475 rules and regulations on creating and managing an accessible environment had been made by authorities of provinces, prefectures (cities) and counties.

　　城乡无障碍环境建设由点到面有序推进。“十五”期间，在12个城市开展了创建全国无障碍设施建设示范城市活动；“十一五”期间，创建活动扩展到100个城市；“十二五”期间，50个市县获选全国无障碍建设示范市县，143个市县获选全国无障碍建设创建市县。2015年2月，住房城乡建设部、民政部、中国残联等部门发布了《关于加强村镇无障碍环境建设的指导意见》，推进无障碍环境建设由城市逐步向农村发展。开展无障碍环境市县村镇创建工作。截至2018年，全国所有直辖市、计划单列市、省会城市都开展了创建全国无障碍建设城市的工作，开展无障碍建设的市、县达到1702个；全国村（社区）综合服务设施中已有75%的出入口、40%的服务柜台、30%的厕所进行了无障碍建设和改造。政府加快了残疾人家庭无障碍改造进度，2016年至2018年共有298.6万户残疾人家庭得到无障碍改造。

　　Creating an accessible environment has been expanded from pilot cities to the whole country in an orderly manner. During the 10th Five-year Plan period (2001-2005), 12 cities were selected as demonstration cities for creating an accessible environment. This was expanded to 100 cities during the 11th Five-year Plan period (2006-2010). During the 12th Five-year Plan period (2011-2015), 50 cities and counties were cited as models in building an accessible environment and 143 cities or counties were selected as models in innovative building of an accessible environment. In February 2015, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ministry of Civil Affairs, CDPF and some other ministries jointly issued the “Guiding Opinions on Improving Accessibility in Towns and Villages” to extend the campaign to rural areas. More efforts have been made to create more such models. By 2018, all municipalities directly under the central government, cities specifically designated in the state plan, and provincial capitals had started building an accessible environment. A thousand seven hundred and two cities and counties had initiated efforts to improve accessibility and remove barriers. Among comprehensive service facilities in villages or communities across the country, 75 percent of entrances, 40 percent of service counters and 30 percent of restrooms have been constructed or upgraded for accessibility. The government has also accelerated the pace of adapting the houses of families with disabled members, and improved almost 3 million of such houses between 2016 and 2018.