产业扶贫助推贫困残疾人就业增收。制定《农村残疾人扶贫开发计划（2001－2010年）》《农村残疾人扶贫开发纲要（2011－2020年）》。2011年以来，中国扶持近1300万残疾人发展生产，其中676万贫困残疾人摆脱贫困。各地建立残疾人扶贫基地5490个，安置88.1万残疾人就业，扶持带动176.9万户残疾人家庭增加收入。支持残疾人贫困户因地制宜发展种养业和手工业。深入实施“雨露计划”，优先培训贫困残疾人，将适合从事农业生产的贫困残疾人纳入农民教育培训相关工程，鼓励他们在农业领域创业。实施职业技能提升计划和贫困户教育培训工程，残疾人贫困户优先接受培训，确保贫困残疾人家庭劳动力至少掌握一门致富技能。落实残疾人贫困户培训后资金、场地、设备、市场信息、经营管理等方面的就业创业服务与扶持政策措施。将优秀脱贫致富残疾人纳入贫困村创业致富带头人培训工程。制定《发展手工制作促进贫困残疾妇女就业脱贫行动实施方案》，加强对残疾妇女的实用技术和就业技能培训，发展手工制作，促进贫困残疾妇女就业脱贫。鼓励“全国巾帼脱贫基地”负责人、农村致富女带头人等与残疾妇女结对帮扶。在城镇举办劳动技能培训，加强就业指导和服务，积极扶持残疾妇女自主择业创业。

　　Increasing the income of persons with disabilities through poverty relief efforts. The Chinese government has formulated the “Development-oriented Poverty Alleviation Program for Persons with Disabilities in Rural Areas (2001-2010)” and the “Outline of Development-oriented Poverty Alleviation for Persons with Disabilities in Rural Areas (2011-2020)”. Since 2011, it has helped nearly 13 million persons with disabilities to engage in production activities through poverty relief efforts, and as a result 6.76 million have got out of poverty. Across the country, 5,490 poverty alleviation centers for persons with disabilities have been set up, employing 881,000 persons with disabilities and helping to increase the income of 1.77 million households with one or more disabled members.

　　Support has been given to low-income households to engage in farming, breeding and handicraft industries as suited to local conditions. The Rain-Dew Anti-poverty Campaign is carried out to a deeper level, in which priority is given to training impoverished persons with disabilities and encouraging them to start up business in agriculture by including those capable of farming into the training programs for farmers.

　　A vocational skill improvement program and a training program for impoverished households have been launched to ensure labors with one or more disabled family members are prioritized in receiving training and they acquire at least one skill to achieve prosperity. And policies and measures have been taken to serve and support their employment and entrepreneurship, covering capital, worksites, facilities, market information and management. Poverty alleviation models with disabilities are included in programs for training entrepreneurship-based poverty relief leaders in poor villages.

　　The state has formulated the “Plan on Developing Handicraft Industry to Lead 

Impoverished Women with Disabilities Out of Poverty”. It has strengthened training for these women in practical and employable skills, and developed handicrafts to help them shake off poverty. The heads of National Women’s Poverty Eradication Centers and female leaders in helping villagers achieve prosperity are encouraged to partner with and assist women with disabilities. The government holds skill training sessions in urban areas and provides more employment guidance and services to support women with disabilities in finding jobs and starting businesses.

　　六、基本生活与社会保障

　　中国残疾人社会保障体系不断完善。残疾人按规定享受社会救助、社会福利和社会保险待遇，生活质量提升，获得感显著增强。

　　VI. Basic Life and Social Security

　　The social security system for persons with disabilities has been steadily improved. They enjoy social assistance, welfare and insurance benefits according to regulations, and lead a higher-quality life with a greater sense of gain.

　　残疾人享有平等的社会保障权利。按照平等不歧视原则，国家保障包括残疾人在内的所有公民享有社会保障权利。《中华人民共和国宪法》明确规定：公民在年老、疾病或者丧失劳动能力的情况下，有从国家和社会获得物质帮助的权利；国家和社会保障残废军人的生活，抚恤烈士家属，优待军人家属；国家和社会帮助安排盲、聋、哑和其他有残疾的公民的劳动、生活和教育。《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》明确规定“国家保障残疾人享有各项社会保障的权利”。《中华人民共和国社会保险法》《社会救助暂行办法》《工伤保险条例》《军人抚恤优待条例》等法律法规对残疾人的社会保障权利作出具体规定。国家承担更加积极的义务，促进残疾人社会保障权利的实现，包括将符合条件的成年无业重度残疾人按照单人户纳入最低生活保障范围，对贫困和重度残疾人参加社会保险给予补贴，对残疾人实行社会优待等。

　　Persons with disabilities have equal rights to social security. Following the principles of equality and non-discrimination, the Chinese government protects the right to social security for all citizens, including persons with disabilities. The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China stipulates: “Citizens have the right to material assistance from the state and society when they are old, ill or disabled,” and “The state and society ensure the livelihood of disabled members of the armed forces, provide pensions to the families of martyrs and give preferential treatment to the families of military personnel. The state and society help make arrangements for the work, livelihood and education of the blind, deaf-mute and other handicapped citizens.” The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities states that “the state shall protect the right of persons with disabilities to various social security.” The Social Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China, Interim Measures for Social Assistance, Regulations on Work-related Injury Insurance, Regulations on Pensions and Preferential Treatments for Servicemen, and some other laws and regulations have specific provisions on the right of persons with disabilities to social security.

　　The Chinese government undertakes a more positive obligation to ensure the right of persons with disabilities to social security. It includes eligible unemployed adults with severe disabilities in the system of minimum living allowances for single-person households, subsidizes impoverished persons with disabilities and those with severe disabilities in their social insurance, and gives preferential social treatment to persons with disabilities.