在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下，中国将残疾人事业发展作为全面建成小康社会的重要目标，坚持政府主导与社会参与、市场推动相结合，坚持增进残疾人福祉和促进残疾人自强自立相结合，将残疾人事业纳入国家经济社会发展总体规划和国家人权行动计划，残疾人权益保障的体制机制不断完善，残疾人社会保障制度和服务体系不断健全，残疾人获得感、幸福感、安全感持续提升，残疾人事业取得举世瞩目的历史性成就。

　　Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, China has included the cause of persons with disabilities in the agenda for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. It maintains that in promoting the interests of persons with disabilities the government should play the leading role, while soliciting the participation of the whole of society and giving full play to the functions of the market, and that the government should keep improving the wellbeing of those with disabilities and also encourage their self-improvement and self-reliance. By incorporating the programs of persons with disabilities in the national social and economic plan and human rights action plan, China has improved the institutions for protecting their rights and interests. It has also improved their social security and upgraded public services for them, so that they are feeling happier, safer, and more satisfied. China’s achievements in championing this cause have won recognition throughout the world.

　　一、残疾人事业发展历程

　　中华人民共和国成立70年来，中国从国情和实际出发，努力促进和保护残疾人权利和尊严，保障残疾人平等参与经济、政治、社会和文化生活，走出了一条具有中国特色的残疾人事业发展道路。

　　I. Development of the Cause of Persons with Disabilities

　　In the 70 years since it was founded, the PRC has taken into full consideration its realities and actual conditions, and developed its own strategy for protecting the rights and interests of persons with disabilities. It has worked tirelessly to promote the rights of persons with disabilities, protect their dignity, and ensure they participate equally in the nation's politics, economy, and social and cultural life.

　　残疾人获得平等地位。新中国成立以后，残疾人在政治上获得了和其他人一样的地位，享受应有的公民权利和义务。中国政府公布实施《革命残废军人优待抚恤暂行条例》等法规，对伤残军人等伤残人员的休养、治疗、生活、学习、工作给予特殊保障；建立福利机构和精神病院，收养或安置无依无靠的重度残疾人、残疾孤儿、残疾老人、精神残疾人和残疾军人；兴办了盲童学校、聋哑学校等特殊教育学校，确立了特殊教育在国民教育体系中的地位。在农村，对符合条件的失去劳动能力的残疾人由集体经济组织给予“五保”待遇（即保吃、保穿、保住、保医、保葬或保教）；在城市，兴办福利工厂、福利生产单位安排残疾人就业。探索社会化管理方式，1953年成立中国盲人福利会，1956年成立中国聋哑人福利会，1960年在此基础上成立中国盲人聋哑人协会。大部分省、自治区、直辖市也建立起地方协会和基层组织，残疾人开始参与自身事务的管理。全国城乡劳动就业的残疾人增多，文化体育活动有所开展，残疾人生活初步改善。

　　Equal status for persons with disabilities. After the founding of the PRC, persons with disabilities got equal status with others politically, with the same lawful rights and obligations as all other citizens. The state promulgated the Provisional Regulations on Pensions and Preferential Treatments for Service Veterans with Disabilities, giving special guarantees to disabled service veterans in terms of rehabilitation, medical treatment, and their life, education, and employment. Welfare and mental institutions were established to take in persons with severe disabilities and without family, orphans with disabilities, elderly persons with disabilities, persons with mental disabilities, and disabled servicemen. With the 

introduction of special education schools for children with visual and hearing impairments and speech disorders, the government included special education for persons with disabilities in the national educational system. In rural areas, eligible disabled persons without the ability to work began to be guaranteed food, clothing, housing, medical care, burial services or education by collective economic organizations. In cities, persons with disabilities were provided with jobs at welfare factories and other similar units. China explored the socialized management of the affairs of persons with disabilities, establishing the China Blind Persons’ Welfare Society in 1953, the China Deaf-mutes Welfare Society in 1956, and the China Association of the Blind and Deaf in 1960. Most provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government set up local associations and community-level organizations for persons with disabilities, who began to manage their own affairs. In both urban and rural areas, more persons with disabilities got jobs; they became more involved in cultural and sports activities, and their life began to improve.