三、经济权利

　　多年来，新疆大力发展经济，努力把发展落实到改善民生、惠及当地和增进团结上，积极推动发展成果共享，有效保障公民各项经济权利，人民生活水平普遍提高。

　　发展权利得到提升。新中国成立前，农区大部分土地被农奴主、地主所占有，牧区牛羊、水源和草场等被王公贵族、部落头领所控制，占总人口93%的农牧民没有基本生产生活资料。农业生产方式极其落后，主要靠坎土曼和二牛抬杠，生产水平极其低下。没有任何工业基础，钢钉、火柴等基本产品都不能生产，缺乏发展的基本条件。新中国成立后，新疆大力改善发展条件，逐步形成了现代农业生产能力，并建立起完备的工业体系，经济社会发生了翻天覆地的变化。1978年至2016年，新疆地区生产总值由39.07亿元增长至9617.23亿元，人均生产总值由313元增长至40427元，分别增长245.2倍和128.2倍；城镇居民人均可支配收入从319元增加到28463元，农村居民人均可支配收入从119元增加到10183元，分别增加了88.2倍和84.6倍。

III. Economic Rights

Over the years, Xinjiang has maintained a constant focus on economic development. It thereby strives to improve standards of living, benefit the local economy, and encourage unity. It ensures that all the people share the fruits of development, and effectively protects the various economic rights of citizens. Public well-being has improved.

The right to development has been promoted. Prior to the founding of the PRC, most of the farmland in Xinjiang was owned by serf owners and landlords, and most livestock, water sources and pasturelands were controlled by the nobility and tribal chiefs. Peasants and herdsmen, accounting for 93 percent of the local total population, did not even possess a basic livelihood and the means to work. At the time, Xinjiang's production capability was extremely low, as agriculture, mainly based on kantumanhoes and ox-drawn plows, was wholly outdated. It had no industry, and could not even produce basic industrial items like steel nails and matches. It lacked the basic conditions for development. Since the founding of the PRC, Xinjiang has improved its preconditions for development, and gradually set up a modern agricultural system and a comprehensive manufacturing industry. The autonomous region's society and economy have been transformed. Since the launch of China's reform and opening-up drive in 1978, Xinjiang's GDP has soared from RMB3.9 billion to RMB961.7 billion in 2016. Its per-capita GDP has grown from RMB313 to RMB40,427 in the same period. The per-capita disposable income of urban residents has risen from RMB319 to RMB28,463 and that of rural residents from RMB119 to RMB10,183.