二、公民权利

　　新疆坚持尊重和保护公民生命财产安全，切实维护公正审判权，促进公民自由表达，公民权利依法得到了充分尊重和有效保障。

　　生命财产权受到尊重和保护。自20世纪90年代以来，暴力恐怖势力、民族分裂势力、宗教极端势力策划实施了一系列暴力恐怖犯罪活动，严重危害了各族人民的生命财产安全。其中，2009年乌鲁木齐“7•5”打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件，造成197人死亡、1700多人受伤；2014年昆明“3•01”火车站暴力恐怖事件，造成31人死亡、141人受伤。自治区采取一系列措施，颁布实施了《新疆维吾尔自治区实施〈中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法〉办法》，依法严厉打击暴力恐怖犯罪，加强社会面防控，推进治理体系和治理能力现代化，切实维护各族人民的生命财产安全。

II. Civil Rights

Xinjiang fully respects and effectively guarantees the civil rights of its citizens in accordance with the law, by respecting and protecting life and property, safeguarding the right to a fair trial, and promoting free expression.

Life and property are respected and protected. Since the 1990s, violent terrorists, nationalist separatists, and religious extremists have plotted and committed a series of violent terrorist crimes, causing loss of life to and damaging the property of people of all ethnic groups. In 2009, the July 5 riot in Urumqi killed 197, injured more than 1,700, and caused colossal damage to property. The Kunming railway station terrorist attack of March 1, 2014 caused 31 deaths and injured another 141. The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has taken a series of measures designed to strike against violent terrorist crimes, strengthen social protection and control, modernize the governance system and capacity, and safeguard the lives and property of all the people of Xinjiang, whatever their ethnic group. These measures include the promulgation and implementation of the Measures of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Enforcement of the Anti-Terrorism Law of the People's Republic of China.

　　公正审判权得到切实维护。新疆司法机关坚持罪刑法定、疑罪从无、证据裁判等原则，从侦查、检察、审判、执行等各环节充分保障公民获得公正审判的权利。依法保障犯罪嫌疑人、刑事被告人的辩护权。保障各民族公民使用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。实施《新疆维吾尔自治区法律援助试行办法》，切实维护困难群体获得法律援助的权利。有效保障赔偿请求人的合法权益，不断完善司法救助制度，保障困难群众获得诉讼救济权利。2016年，新疆各级人民法院共办结国家赔偿与司法救助案件298件，共计为生活困难群众缓、减、免诉讼费用2666.7万元。建立司法公开平台，发布案件审理、执行信息，充分保障公民司法知情权。2014年至2016年，新疆各级人民法院在中国裁判文书网共发布生效裁判文书21万余份。2016年，新疆共有律师4569人。

　　表达自由的权利得到有效保障。为落实宪法规定的公民表达自由，新疆在办好广播、电视、报纸、杂志等传统媒体的同时，大力开展互联网基础设施建设，搭建各种形式的网站（平台），使公民的表达渠道不断拓展，表达方式更加多样，表达诉求更加便捷，有效保障了公民的知情权、参与权和监督权。截至2016年年底，新疆网民人数由2002年的44.8万人增加到1296万人，增速位居全国第三；普及率达到54.9%，位居西部第一。

The right to fair trial is maintained. Judicial organs in Xinjiang uphold the principles of legally prescribed punishment, presumption of innocence, and evidentiary adjudication, and fully protect citizens' right to fair trial at all stages from investigation to prosecution, to trial and execution. The right of suspects and criminal defendants to defense is guaranteed in accordance with the law. Citizens' right to use the spoken and written languages of their own ethnic groups in legal proceedings is protected. By implementing the Interim Measures for Legal Assistance of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the right to legal assistance for disadvantaged groups is guaranteed. With constant improvement in the judicial relief system, the legitimate rights and interests of indemnity claimants are safeguarded, and the right to relief of disadvantaged groups is protected. In 2016, people's courts at various levels in Xinjiang settled 298 state compensation and judicial relief cases, deferring, reducing or exempting the litigation costs to a value of RMB26.7 million. A platform for judicial openness was established to release information on judicial proceedings, so as to ensure the public's right to information. From 2014 to 2016, people's courts at various levels in Xinjiang released more than 210,000 effective judgment documents on China Judgments Online. In 2016, there were 4,569 lawyers in Xinjiang.

The right to freedom of expression is protected. To safeguard the public's right to free expression as prescribed by the Constitution, and to expand, diversify, and improve access to the required channels, Xinjiang has created a wide range of Internet infrastructure and websites (or platforms), while continuing to promote traditional media, such as radio, television, newspapers and magazines. As a result, the citizens' right to information, right to participation, and right of scrutiny are guaranteed. The number of netizens in Xinjiang rose from 448,000 in 2002 to 12,960,000 by the end of 2016. This growth rate ranked 3rd in China, with a rate of penetration of 54.9 percent, which ranked 1st in the western region.