实现充分的人权是人类长期追求的理想，也是包括新疆各族人民在内的全中国人民长期为之奋斗的目标。

　　1949年中华人民共和国成立前，新疆各族人民遭受着外国侵略势力、封建剥削阶级和宗教特权阶层的压迫，社会地位极其低下，无法享有基本人权。新中国的成立和社会主义制度的确立，为新疆各族人民真正享有人权奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。1955年，中国在新疆实行民族区域自治制度，进一步保障了新疆各族人民当家作主的权利。自1978年中国实行改革开放以来，新疆经济社会发展进入了一个新的历史时期，各族人民的人权保障水平不断提升。

Realization of full human rights is an ideal, one that humankind has pursued for as long as we can remember. It is also a goal that the Chinese people, including people of the various ethnic groups in Xinjiang, have worked hard to reach.

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, the ethnic groups of Xinjiang suffered oppression from invading foreign forces, the feudal exploiting class and the privileged religious hierarchy. At the bottom of the social ladder, they were deprived of basic human rights. The founding of the PRC and the socialist system prepared a fundamental political prerequisite and laid the institutional basis for the people of Xinjiang's ethnic groups to enjoy such rights. In 1955, the system of regional ethnic autonomy was implemented in Xinjiang, offering further guarantee to the Xinjiang people in exercising their right as masters of the country. Since 1978, when China launched its epoch-making reform and opening-up drive, a new historical phase has been ushered in the economic and social development of Xinjiang, and people of the various ethnic groups in Xinjiang have seen great progress in the protection of their human rights.

　　长期以来，中央始终高度重视新疆工作，采取切实有力举措，发展经济，改善民生，增进人民福祉，促进民族团结进步，保障各族人民的基本权利。特别是中共十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央，坚持以人民为中心，以创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念为引领，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，十分关心新疆的发展进步，始终情系新疆、心系新疆各族人民，举全国之力发展新疆。近年来，中央着眼党和国家事业发展全局，不断丰富和发展治疆方略，把社会稳定和长治久安作为新疆工作总目标，坚持依法治疆、团结稳疆、长期建疆，坚持各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展，坚持以保障和改善民生为重点，大力发展新疆各项事业，切实保障各族人民平等参与、平等发展权利，共享发展成果，使新疆的人权事业不断得到新的发展和进步。

　　一、政治权利

The central government has over the years set great store by Xinjiang. It has taken effective measures to develop the economy, improve people's living standards, enhance the well-being of the public, promote ethnic unity and progress, and safeguard the basic rights of all ethnic groups. In particular, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in 2012, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has worked hard to promote economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress across the country. This means following the people-oriented principle, and forging new ideas of innovative, coordinated, green, and open development shared by all. Committed to the progress of Xinjiang and its people, the CPC Central Committee has pooled the strength of the nation to develop the region. In recent years, it has, proceeding from the overall development of the causes of the Party and state, constantly enriched and developed its core strategies for the development and governance of Xinjiang by making maintaining the social order and lasting political stability the overall objective of work in relation to Xinjiang. It called governing Xinjiang in accordance with law, maintaining stability in Xinjiang through ethnic solidarity, and being committed to the development of Xinjiang for a long time to come; keeping to the goal of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development; making energetic efforts to press forward with the development of various undertakings in Xinjiang and focusing on the protection and improvement of the people's living standards; and taking all necessary steps to ensure the people of various ethnic groups the equal right to participation and in development, and equal access to the fruits of development.

I. Political Rights