美国政府在双边经贸谈判中出尔反尔，不守承诺。中国历来高度重视维护中美关系稳定，特别是2017年以来，积极回应美国经贸关切，以极大的诚意和耐心与美国政府开展了多轮磋商，力图弥合分歧、解决问题。2018年2月下旬到3月上旬，应美国方面强烈要求，中国派团赴美举行经贸谈判。4月3日，美国公布对500亿美元中国输美产品加征25%关税的产品清单。面对美国反复无常、不断抬高要价的行为，中国本着最大限度通过对话解决问题的诚意，于5月初与来华谈判的美国代表进行了认真磋商。5月15日至19日，中国应美国要求再次派代表团赴美谈判，并在谈判中对美国诉求做了积极回应。双方在付出艰辛努力后，达成“双方不打贸易战”的共识，并于5月19日对外发表了联合声明。但是，仅仅10天之后，美国政府就公然撕毁双方刚刚达成的联合声明，背弃不打贸易战的承诺，越过世界贸易组织争端解决机制，宣布将对来自中国的产品实施大规模征税措施，单方面挑起贸易战（专栏7）。

　　图表：专栏7 美方撕毁2018年5月19日中美经贸磋商联合声明 新华社发

The US administration has repeatedly backtracked and reneged on its commitments in bilateral trade negotiations. China sets great store by a stable China-US relationship. It has actively responded to the trade concerns of the US, especially since 2017. Multiple rounds of talks have been conducted with the US administration with utmost sincerity and patience, in an effort to narrow differences and solve problems. In response to a strong request from the US, China sent a delegation to the US for trade talks between late February and early March 2018. Yet on April 3, the US announced a 25 percent tariff on a list of Chinese exports worth US$50 billion. Despite this repeated backtracking and in the face of rising demands from the US, China has demonstrated complete sincerity in seeking a negotiated solution, and sat down for earnest consultations with a visiting US delegation in early May. At the US request, China sent another delegation to the US which actively responded to the US concerns in negotiations between 15 and 19 of May. Thanks to the strenuous efforts of both sides, a consensus was reached “not to fight a trade war”, and a joint statement was released on May 19. However, only 10 days later, the US administration tore up the freshly inked joint statement and broke its promise not to engage in a trade war. It bypassed the dispute settlement system of the WTO to announce massive tariffs on Chinese exports, thus unilaterally starting a new phase of conflict (Box 7).

　　五、美国政府不当做法对世界经济发展的危害

　　美国政府采取的一系列极端贸易保护措施，破坏了国际经济秩序，伤害了包括中美经贸交往在内的全球经贸关系，冲击了全球价值链和国际分工体系，干扰了市场预期，引发国际金融和大宗商品市场剧烈震荡，成为全球经济复苏的最大不确定因素和风险源。

V. Damage of the improper practices of the US administration to global economy

The US government has taken extreme trade protectionist measures, which have undermined the international economic order, caused damage to China-US trade and trade relations around the world, disrupted the global value chain and the international division of labor, upset market expectations, and led to violent swings in the international financial and commodity markets. It has become the greatest source of uncertainty and risk for the recovery of the global economy.