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用for还是用of 的另一种辨别方法:
用介词for或of后面的逻辑主语作句子的主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果通顺用of,不通则用for。例如:
You are nice.(通顺,所以应用of)。
He is hard.(非所表达的意思,不通,因此用for。)
4. 不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。例如:
My work is to clean the room every day.
我的工作是每天清扫房间。
His dream is to be a doctor.
他的梦想是成为一名医生。
5. 不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后,往往表示未发生的动作。例如:
I have a lot of work to do.
我有许多事要做。
There was nothing to bring home that morning.
那天早上(他回家时)两手空空。
6. 不定式作状语
1)目的状语
常用结构为to do , only to do(仅仅为了), in order to do, so as to do, so(such)… as to…(如此…以便…)。例如:
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.
他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to say good-bye to you.
我来仅仅是向你告别。
2)作结果状语,可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果,不定式要放在句子后面。
I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。
He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间,没发现什么。
3)表原因
I'm glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。
She wept to see the sight. 她一看到这情形就哭了。
4)表示理由和条件
He must be a fool to say so.
You will do well to speak more carefully.
7.用作介词的to
to 可以用作介词,也可用作不定式的标示。下面的to 都用作介词:
admit toobject tobe accustomed tobe used tostick toturn to开始
look forward tobe devoted topay attention tocontribute to apologize todevote oneself to
8. 省去to 的动词不定式
1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外) 后。
2) 使役动词 let, have, make后,感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。
注意:被动语态中不能省去to。例如:
I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。
=They were made to work the whole night.
3) would rather,had better句型后
4) Why… / why no…句型后
5) help 后可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:
6) but和except后。but前是实义动词do时,后面出现的不定式不带to。