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1. but作为并列连词表示转折时,可译为“但(是)”、“可是”、“然而”等。如:
* Much of the gas separates when the oil reaches the surface but does so underground.
大部分石油气是在石油到达地表面时分离的,但也有在地下分离的。
* The positive charges do not move about; but the electrons do.
正电荷不能到处移动,可是电子却能到处移动。
* Different kinds of radiant energy seem very different from one another, but they share certain fundamental characteristics.
各种辐射能看上去很不相同,然而它们有一些共同的基本特点。
2. but作为并列连词表示并列时,可译为“而是”。如:
* The various relationships between electricity and magnetism are not independent of one another, but coherent and consistent.
电与磁之间的各种关系不是相互独立的,而是协调一致的。
* Bionics is not a specialized science but an interscience discipline.
仿生学不是ー门单独的学科,而是ー门边缘学科。
3.“but that +从句”,后接虚拟句型,可译为“假使……不”、“要不是”等。如:
* But that you cut the engine immediately, it would have burned out,
假使你不及时关掉发动机,那么发动机早就坏了。
* But that iron were brittle, it would have been possible to forge it.
要是铸铁不是脆的,便可以锻造。