卫生应急水平全面提高。颁布突发事件应对法、突发公共卫生事件应急条例等法律法规，修订传染病防治法，推动卫生应急工作走上法制化和规范化轨道。以疾病预防控制体系、卫生监督体系和医疗体系为基础，初步建成统一指挥、布局合理、反应灵敏、运转高效、保障有力的突发公共事件卫生应急体系。建立完善卫生应急预案体系，覆盖突发急性传染病、不明原因疾病、中毒事件等突发公共卫生事件防控以及自然灾害、事故灾难、恐怖事件的医疗卫生救援和重大活动医疗卫生保障。建立国家、省(自治区、直辖市)、地(市)、县四级应急管理体制。建立卫生应急能力评估指标体系。国家组建了传染病控制、医疗救援、中毒处置、核和放射处置等4类27支国家级卫生应急队伍，地方也组建了各级突发公共事件卫生应急专业队伍。国家医药储备制度日趋完善，保障了应对突发公共卫生事件所需的医药产品。近年来，中国有效处置了传染性非典型肺炎、甲型H1N1流感、鼠疫、人禽流感等突发公共卫生事件，及时开展四川汶川特大地震、青海玉树地震、甘肃舟曲特大山洪泥石流灾害的紧急医学救援，顺利完成北京奥运会、上海世博会等大型活动的医疗卫生保障任务。

    法定传染病和突发公共卫生事件实现网络直报。2004年，中国启用传染病和突发公共卫生事件网络直报系统，实现对39种法定传染病病例个案信息和突发公共卫生事件的实时、在线监测。截至2011年，全国100%的疾病预防控制机构、98%的县级及以上医疗机构和94%的乡镇卫生院实现了法定传染病网络直报。

Health emergency management capability has been enhanced. China is striving to make its health emergency management more standard and law-based by issuing the Law on Emergency Management and the Regulations on Preparedness for and Response to Public Health Emergencies, and amending the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Based on the disease prevention and control system, the public health monitoring system and the medical service system, China has basically set up a response system for public health emergencies featuring unified leadership, reasonable distribution, quick response, efficient operation and powerful logistics. China has established and improved health emergency plans, which cover the prevention and control of such public health emergencies as acute infectious disease emergencies, diseases with unknown causes and poisoning incidents, medical rescue in case of natural disasters, disastrous accidents and terrorist attacks, and medical services for important events. A four-level emergency management system has been established that covers the national, provincial, city and county levels. Also has been established is the public health emergency response ability assessment system. The central government has organized 27 teams for health emergencies to respond to four categories of incidents, namely, infectious disease control, medical rescue, poisoning treatment, and nuclear and radiation accident handling. Local governments have also set up professional teams to handle health emergencies at their respective levels. China's medicine reserve system keeps improving, ensuring sufficient supply of medicines for health emergencies. In the past few years, China has successfully dealt with many public health emergencies, especially pandemic threats of infectious diseases, including SARS, H1N1, plague and avian influenza, carried out urgent medical rescues for the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province, 2010 Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province and 2010 Zhouqu mudslide in Gansu Province, and provided medical services for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai Expo.

Online direct report system has been enforced for notifiable infectious diseases and public health emergencies. The online direct report system, which puts the 39 infectious diseases defined by law and public health emergencies under real-time and online surveillance, was not available in China until 2004. By 2011, the online direct reporting of infectious diseases had been extended to all disease prevention and control institutes, 98% of medical institutions at and above the county level, and 94% of township clinics in China.