The following attributive clauses are named semj-adverbial by R. W. Zandvoort in his work entitled A Handbook of English Grammar. The term signifies that such clauses are attributive ones in form, but adverbial ones in function and sense. Yao Shanyou calls such clauses as "formally attributive clauses functioning as adverbial ones in sense" in his English Grammar.They may be translated into Chinese as adverbial clauses expressing cause, purpose, condition, etc.e.g.

1. Premier Zhou who was busy all day long never knew what fatigue was.(who=though or although he)周总理虽然整天很忙，却从不知疲倦。（concession）

2. My uncle, who will be seventy tomorrow, is still a keen sports-man.(who=though or although he).

我伯父虽然明天就满亡十岁了，但仍爱好运动。(concession)

3. Enroys were sent who should strengthen onr internutional position.(who should=so that they should)

派了使节，以便加强我们的国际地位。（purpose）

4. Anybody who should do that would be laughed at.(who=if he)

无论是谁，只要做那种事情，都一定会受到嘲笑。(condition)

5. For further particulars you had better apply to my brother, who has paid particular attention to the subject.(who=because he)

关于细节，你最好询问我弟弟，因为他对这个问题特别留意。(cause)

All such attributive clauses can be placed after the words they modify in the Chinese version and connected to them by“虽然”,“以便”，“只要”or“因为”etc. Meanwhile, the subjects of the subordinate clauses may be omitted in translation as in examples 1, 2, 3, 4, if they refer to the same persons as those of the main ones; otherwise,they should be retained in the Chinese version as in example 5.

Sometimes, the subordinating conjunction expressing cause may be omitted in the Chinese version,and the relation between cause and result can still be felt by the reader.e.g.

6. Out teacher, who is getting old, will soon retite. (who=as he）

我们的老师，越来越老，不久就要退休。（cause）

7. The people's war in Russia, which inflicted heavy losses on Napoleon's army, insensed the conqueror , who had never met that kind of opposition anywhere in Europe.(which=because it; who=as he)

俄国的人民战争，使拿破仑的军队受到重大的损失，激怒 了这位征服者，（因为）他在欧洲任何地方都从来没有遭到过那样的反抗。（cause)

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