李克强总理会见采访两会的中外记者并回答提问

2018年3月20日上午，十三届全国人大一次会议在人民大会堂举行记者会，国务院总理李克强应大会发言人张业遂的邀请会见中外记者，并回答记者提问。国务院副总理韩正、孙春兰、胡春华、刘鹤参加。

　　李克强总理向中外记者介绍了各位副总理，并对大家表示感谢，欢迎大家提问。

　　彭博社记者：今年是中国改革开放40周年。在过去的40年中，中国取得了巨大的经济发展成就，成功使数亿人脱贫。在中国进入新时代以后，面临的问题将更加复杂，我们认为中国改革开放的模式也会经历一些变化，这集中体现在这次两会期间通过了政府机构改革方案以及进行修宪等。请问中国特别是在吸引外资和促进外贸方面，奉行的改革开放模式会跟过去40年有什么不同？

Premier Li Keqiang Meets the Press

The First Session of the 13th National People's Congress held a press conference on 20 March 2018. Premier Li Keqiang met with Chinese and foreign reporters and answered their questions at the invitation of Mr. Zhang Yesui, Spokesperson for the NPC session. The press conference was also attended by Vice Premiers Han Zheng, Sun Chunlan, Hu Chunhua and Liu He.

Premier Li Keqiang presented the newly-appointed vice premiers and thanked members of the media. He then opened the floor to questions.

Bloomberg: This year is the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening. Over those 40 years, China has enjoyed unprecedented economic growth and hundreds of millions of people have been pulled out of poverty. But it's becoming increasingly clear that China is entering a new era, where problems are going to become more complicated and the model of reform and opening is also changing, highlighted by the restructuring of the government departments and the revisions of the Constitution that were passed by the National People's Congress this year. I wanted to ask you what will the biggest difference be between reform and opening in this new era versus the past, especially when it comes to foreign investment and trade? 

　　李克强：中国40年来有目共睹的经济社会发展成就和开放是密不可分的。开放推动了改革，促进了发展。可以说中国人民从开放中尝到了甜头。去年年初，习近平主席在达沃斯世界经济论坛发表演讲时明确表示，中国将继续维护自由贸易，开放是中国的基本国策。如果说中国的开放有新变化的话，那就是门会越开越大。中国经济已经深度融入世界经济，关上门等于挡住了我们自己的路。

　　新的变化意味着进一步扩大开放，我们在开放方面还有较大的空间和潜力。比如货物贸易，我们商品进口税率水平在世界上处于中等水平，我们愿意以更开放的姿态进一步降低商品进口的总体税率水平。一些市场热销的消费品，包括药品，特别是群众、患者急需的抗癌药品，我们要较大幅度地降低进口税率，对抗癌药品力争降到零税率。对于服务贸易，我们现在是逆差，进一步开放服务业会付出一些代价，但可以促进提高我们产业的竞争力。下一步重点要放宽服务业的准入，比如在养老、医疗、教育、金融等领域，我们会加大放宽准入力度，在一些领域逐步放宽甚至取消股比限制。我们还会全面放开制造业，在这方面不允许强制转让技术，我们将保护知识产权。

Premier Li: Opening-up has been instrumental to China's economic and social transformation in the past 40 years. It has driven China's reform agenda, promoted its development and delivered real benefits to the Chinese people. In his speech at the World Economic Forum annual meeting in Davos last year, President Xi Jinping reaffirmed China's commitment to uphold free trade and pursue opening-up as a fundamental policy. If there's anything that's going to be different from the past, it will be that China will open even wider to the world. With the Chinese economy so integrated into the global economy, closing China's door will only hinder our own progress. 

China will continue to open up; indeed, there is still broad space to do so. China's import tariffs are at the medium level internationally. We are committed to bringing them down still further, particularly for high-demand consumer goods. For instance, we aim to adopt zero tariff for the much needed anti-cancer drugs. 

On the other hand, China runs a deficit in trade in services. Further opening of the services sector will entail a cost, but it will make the sector more competitive. We plan to widen access to elderly care, health care, education and financial services. We will ease or lift the cap on foreign ownership in some sectors. We will also make the manufacturing sector fully open. There will be no mandatory requirement for technology transfer, and intellectual property rights will be protected.