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写作常见文体解析

发布时间: 2017-05-30 09:31:58   作者:etogether.net   来源: 网络   浏览次数:
摘要: 英语作文常见的文体有以下五种,即记叙文(narration )、描写文(description )、说明文(exposition )、 议论文(argumentati...


英语作文常见的文体有以下五种,即记叙文(narration )、描写文(description )、说明文(exposition )、 议论文(argumentation) 和应用文(letters)。应用文在下面小作文的写作中我们会提及,所以在此我们主 要论述前四种文体。
一、记叙文
记叙文是以叙述人物的经历或事物的发展变化过程为主的一种文体,主要是写事,也可以写人。写好记叙文要注意以下几点:
首先,时间、地点、人物和事件这几个要素在写作时要交代清楚,使读者更好地理解事件和故事。
其次,在写作所用的人称方面,记叙文一般可以用第一人称和第三人称两种叙事方式写作。第一人称是作者以当事人的口吻,把文章中的事情以“我”的所见所闻的方式来叙述;第三人称是写作者从旁观者的角度来叙述,反映事件中不同人的感受和见解。
再次,记叙文的线索一般以时间先后为序来记叙,即按照事件的发展顺序来写,但有时也可从故事 或事件的中间和结尾写起;也可以按照地点的线索来写,即以地点的转移为顺序。 然后,要注意文章的完整性,还要突出重点,做到层次分明,详略得当。
最后,所用的时态通常为一般过去时。
例文:
One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan Park. At a stand, a woman was buying an ice cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag away. She shouted, “Stop the thief! He’s snatched my bag!” Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. As the snatcher was
running past him,the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher’s legs. The young man fell down on the ground. Soon two policemen came in a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man,and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness.
这篇作文记叙了星期天中午在中山公园卖冰淇淋货摊旁边发生的一件事情,一名年轻妇女正打算 买冰淇淋,突然一个小偷从背后抢走了她的包,妇女大喊抓小偷,周围的人们纷纷追赶,小偷在跑到一位老人旁边时,被老人用伞绊倒,之后警察来到,把小偷捉了起来。
例文:
An Unforgettable Day
Time is like a long river, in which almost all people have their unforgettable days. Some are full of happiness. Some are miserable. Mine are little bitter. That was on July 4,2000. Mother got up earlier and got breakfast ready, saying “I,ll go to
school with you  to say‘good-bye' to your teachers and fellow classmates. You must work from now on. ”Although her voice was soft,I was shocked by it. Silence filled the house. I ate a little. On the way to school we remained silent. My father’s kind face emerged in my mind. I fought back my tears. We arrived at school and went into the teachers,office. And together we went into the classroom. While bidding farewell to my classmates I saw tears in some girl students. I couldn’t control mine anymore. I left school with heavy steps. I turned around occasionally to look at my dear school where I had acquired a lot of knowledge and known a lot of friends. I said thousands of time in my mind “Farewell, my dear school. Farewell...” deciding that I must earn enough money to go back to school some day. That was the most miserable day that I have in my life. Now my words come true. But I still can’t forget that day.

这篇记叙文是按照事情发展的先后顺序来写的,作者记叙了在这一天发生的一件令作者难忘的事情。先是总体概述每个人都有难忘的一天,有的是快乐的,有的是痛苦的,“我”的难忘的一天则是属于后者;第二段记叙了整个事件;第三段强调了主题,照应了开头。

 

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