- 签证留学 |
- 笔译 |
- 口译
- 求职 |
- 日/韩语 |
- 德语
在法律、法规、条例、授权书、合同等文本中有不少很长的句子,少则几行,多则几十行,其至半页一页的也并非少见。如美国《统一商法典》(UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE)第五章第3-503条提示期限(TIME OF PRESENTMENT)的第(1)款就一共有142个单词。翻译法律文件颇为困难,本书无法深入探讨。这里仅研究一个问题。常常出现一个主体,即一个主语同时有若干个行为动作,在不同情况下,表现这些行为动作的动词的排列方法有所不同,通常有三种:
1. 若干个不定式动词连续或分行排列,造成的句子很长,有的在一个不定式符号to后面紧跟若干个动词,而且其间也没有标点符号,请看以下例子:
a. 第四十七条 中国人民银行有下列行为之一的,对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员,依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:
(一)违反本法第29条第一款的规定提供贷款的;
(二)对单位和个人提供担保的;
(三) 擅自动用发行基金的。
Article 47 If the People's Bank of China commits any of the following acts, the person directly in charge and other persons held directly responsible shall be subject to administrative sanctions; if the case constitutes a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities in accordance with the law:
(1) to provide a loan in violation of the first clause of Article 29 of this law;
(2) to provide financial guarantee for a unit or individual; or
(3) to use the currency issue fund without authorization.
——(中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》
上面三个不定式动宾结构to provide a loan, to provide financial guarantee, to use the currency issue fund 都是 acts 的同位语,分列成三行并用分号分开和原文对应一致。
b. (原文略)
Article 105 An insurance company and its staff members are not allowed to commit the following acts:
1. To deceive insurants, the insured or beneficiaries;
2. To conceal important information associated with insurance contracts;