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三者均为合同法中常用词。其中,promise是要约人向被要约人所作要约,为一种主动的“允诺”或“许诺”[1]。而acceptance 则为 “承诺”,是被要约人(offeree)对要约(offer) 的一种认可[2]。offer则与promise意思相同,是主动对他人的 “要约”[3];但与promise不同的是offer可以撤销(revocable); 而promise作为“允诺”则不能撤销[4]。
[1]“A party's undertaking about its future conduct. " Cf. G. H. L. Fridman, The Law of Contract in Canada,2 nd edition, at p. 1,Carswell (1986). " a declaration or manifestation ,esp. in a contract, of an intention to act or refrain from acting in a specified way that gives the party to whom it is made a right to expect its fulfillment." Cf. Linda Picard Wood, J. D.,Merriam Webster's Dictionary of Law, at p. 389, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, Springfield, Massachusetts (1996).
[2] "An agreement, either by express act or by implication from conduct, to the terms of an offer so that a binding contract is fonned. ”Cf. Bryan A. Gamer, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th edition, at p. 11 , West Group (1999).
[3 ] "One person's indication to another that she or he is willing to enter into a contract with that person on certain terms. ” Cf. Daphne Dukelow, The Dictionary of Canadian Law, at p. 711, Thomson Professional Publishing; Canada (1991).
[4] Therefore, an offer is revocable, a promise is not. ” Cf. William R Arson, Some
Notes on Terminology in contract, 7 Law Q. Rev. at pp. 337, 337 (1891)